Challenges and an Implementation Framework for Sustainable Municipal Organic Waste Management Using Biogas Technology in Emerging Asian Countries

Pandyaswargo, Andante Hadi; Gamaralalage, Premakumara Jagath Dickella; Liu, Chen; Knaus, Michael; Onoda, Hiroshi; Mahichi, Faezeh; Guo, Yang‐Hui

doi:10.3390/su11226331

Cited by 37 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…The exploitation of organic streams easily collected at the source is considered as a first step to prevent the mixture of organic and inorganic wastes, in order to take advantage of each fraction as a second step [38]. The segregation at the source is then followed by either aerobic or anaerobic digestion for the organic flow, which is considered as one of the most appropriate treatments for biowaste recovery [39].…”

Section: Current Waste Management System In Tunisiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Sustainable Concept for Handling Organic Waste in Tunisia

et al. 2020

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Nowadays, Tunisia is seeking to implement cost-efficient and sustainable solutions in relation to the treatment of organic waste which, at up to 65%, makes up the largest proportion of total waste generated in the country. Therefore, an efficient tool for decision makers is needed to provide a clear approach about the potential of organic waste as well as the treatment concept, which can be adapted based on technical requirements and local conditions. Results revealed that there is a high variation in terms of the nature of the collected biowaste, which affects the selection of the adopted bioprocess for each geographical zone of the study area. Three main categories of biowaste are produced along the coastline of Tunisia: food waste (FW) (102.543 t/a); green waste (GW) (1.326.930 t/a); and cattle manure (CM) (1.548.350 t/a). Based on the results of similar projects and laboratory-scale research work, anaerobic and aerobic digestion were examined. Regarding aerobic digestion, the monitoring of several physicochemical parameters ascertained that the co-composting of FW and GW at different ratios (GW: FW = 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75) allowed the production of a stable and mature compost. A highly qualified end-product was generated from each trial categorized as a finished compost of class V with reference to German Standards of compost. Regarding the anaerobic process, different feedstock mixtures (FW:CM = 0:1, 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1) were prepared to feed semi-continuous anaerobic reactors. However, a significant improvement in the process development was recorded for digesters including a higher fraction of FW, which produced 0.846 LN/kg VSin as the maximum biogas production. Therefore, biological treatments of food waste and different co-substrates seems to be a suitable technique for Tunisia in terms of waste management, environmental, and energy aspects. However, the evaluation of the efficiency of the proposed biological treatments was also verified by a draw-up of a technical and economic feasibility analysis. Although the cost–benefit estimations proved that the profits from both the compost and biogas plants would be very modest, the feasibility of such sustainable projects should not only be evaluated on an economic basis, but also by taking into account socio-environmental considerations including decreasing environmental threats, providing work opportunities, increasing incomes, stimulating public awareness as well as reducing the operating costs linked to landfilling.

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Section: Current Waste Management System In Tunisiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Sustainable Concept for Handling Organic Waste in Tunisia

et al. 2020

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“…Therefore, the extraction well operation, leachate recirculation routes, and operation methods of EABM at landfills should be taken into consideration. Moreover, research indicates toxicants such as sulfide, ammonia, and emerging nanomaterials could seriously retard methane production at landfills [50,51].Further research should focus on eliminating toxicants before MSW is introduced into landfill as well as the life cycle assessment and commercial operating calculation of a re-designed landfill. In addition, turning landfill sites into city gardens or transforming solid waste into soil fertilizer could be a new solution after MSW codigests with EABM and reaches stabilization [51,52].…”

Section: Future Prospects and Current Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further research should focus on eliminating toxicants before MSW is introduced into landfill as well as the life cycle assessment and commercial operating calculation of a re-designed landfill. In addition, turning landfill sites into city gardens or transforming solid waste into soil fertilizer could be a new solution after MSW codigests with EABM and reaches stabilization [51,52].…”

Section: Future Prospects and Current Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Exogenous Aerobic Bacteria on Sustainable Methane Production Associated with Municipal Solid Waste Biodegradation: Revealed by High-Throughput Sequencing

Liu

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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In this work, the impact of exogenous aerobic bacteria mixture (EABM) on municipal solid waste (MSW) is well evaluated in the following aspects: biogas production, leachate analysis, organic waste degradation, EABM population, and the composition of microbial communities. The study was designed and performed as follows: the control bioreactor (R1) was filled up with MSW and the culture medium of EABM and the experimental bioreactor (R2) was filled up with MSW and EABM. The data suggests that the composition of microbial communities (bacterial and methanogenic) in R1 and R2 were similar at day 0, while the addition of EABM in R2 led to a differential abundance of Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphlyoccus xylosus, and Pantoea agglomerans in two bioreactors. The population of exogenous aerobic bacteria in R2 greatly increased during hydrolysis and acidogenesis stages, and subsequently increased the degradation of volatile solid (VS), protein, lipid, and lignin by 59.25%, 25.68%, 60.47%, and 197.62%, respectively, compared to R1. The duration of hydrolysis and acidogenesis in R2 was 33.33% shorter than that in R1. At the end of the study, the accumulative methane yield in R2 (494.4 L) was almost three times more than that in R1 (187.4 L). In addition, the abundance of acetoclasic methanogens increased at acetogenesis and methanogenesis stages in both bioreactors, which indicates that acetoclasic methanogens (especially Methanoseata) could contribute to methane production. This study demonstrates that EABM can accelerate organic waste degradation to promote MSW biodegradation and methane production. Moreover, the operational parameters helped EABM to generate 20.85% more in accumulative methane yield. With a better understanding of how EABM affects MSW and the composition of bacterial community, this study offers a potential practical approach to MSW disposal and cleaner energy generation worldwide.

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“…The lack of technical support is attributed to a policy framework for the project. (Pandyaswargo et al, 2019) mentioned that the sustainability of a biogas plant project is negatively affected in the absence of supporting system running in the background which includes technical assistance.…”

Section: Challenging Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and potential to adopt biogas technology: A case study of Faisalabad, Pakistan

2020

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In the past few years, pertaining to energy shortage, Government of Pakistan promoted the biogas plants in specific rural areas. This study is an attempt to explore the success and failure adopted biogas plants by the farmers in rural areas of Faisalabad, Pakistan. In this study, the researcher selected tehsil Faisalabad of district Faisalabad based on the availability of biogas plants installed by the Government, NGO/INGOs and private contractors in the past few years. Snowball sampling method was used to identify the sample size. Total 51 biogas adopters participated in the study as respondents. Primary data were collected through face to face interviews on a structured questionnaire. Results shows that 33.3% of respondents were fully satisfied with their biogas plants. Close to one fourth (23.5%) of respondents were partially satisfied while 43.1% of respondents were not satisfied with their biogas plants. More than half (56.9%) of biogas plants were in working condition and 43.1% of biogas users abandoned for many reasons. The major reasons for the inspiration behind construction and installation of biogas plants were subsidy, cases of existing biogas plant owners, social advantages/reputation, motivation from construction/installation agency and conservation of time and energy. Whereas, for the reasons such as frequently come across technical problems, unavailability of technicians, difficulty in operation of biogas plant, insufficient gas for food preparation /lighting, escape of gas through joints/connections and extra workload were the reasons compelling farmers to abandoning the biogas plants. It was found that operation and maintenance of biogas plants is one of the major issues due to untrained, partially trained owners, unavailability of technicians and skilled operators.

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Challenges and an Implementation Framework for Sustainable Municipal Organic Waste Management Using Biogas Technology in Emerging Asian Countries

Cited by 37 publications

References 82 publications

Potential of Sustainable Concept for Handling Organic Waste in Tunisia

Potential of Sustainable Concept for Handling Organic Waste in Tunisia

The Impact of Exogenous Aerobic Bacteria on Sustainable Methane Production Associated with Municipal Solid Waste Biodegradation: Revealed by High-Throughput Sequencing

Challenges and potential to adopt biogas technology: A case study of Faisalabad, Pakistan

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