Challenges and Adaptations of Life in Alkaline Habitats

Mamo, Gashaw

doi:10.1007/10_2019_97

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 219 publications

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“…Alkaliphiles survive in highly alkaline environment (pH > 9.0) and belong to all three domains of life, i.e., bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes (Mamo, 2020;Horikoshi 1999). However, industrially important alkaliphilic enzymes like proteases, cellulases, lipases, and amylases are commonly obtained from Bacillus sp.…”

Section: Alkaliphilic α-Amylasementioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and functional adaptation in extremophilic microbial α-amylases

2022

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Maintaining stable native conformation of a protein under a given ecological condition is the prerequisite for survival of organisms. Extremophilic bacteria and archaea have evolved to adapt under extreme conditions of temperature, pH, salt, and pressure. Molecular adaptations of proteins under these conditions are essential for their survival. These organisms have the capability to maintain stable, native conformations of proteins under extreme conditions. The enzymes produced by the extremophiles are also known as extremozyme, which are used in several industries. Stability and functionality of extremozymes under varying temperature, pH, and solvent conditions are the most desirable requirement of industry. α-Amylase is one of the most important enzymes used in food, pharmaceutical, textile, and detergent industries. This enzyme is produced by diverse microorganisms including various extremophiles. Therefore, understanding its stability is important from fundamental as well as an applied point of view. Each class of extremophiles has a distinctive set of dominant non-covalent interactions which are important for their stability. Static information obtained by comparative analysis of amino acid sequence and atomic resolution structure provides information on the prevalence of particular amino acids or a group of non-covalent interactions. Protein folding studies give the information about thermodynamic and kinetic stability in order to understand dynamic aspect of molecular adaptations. In this review, we have summarized information on amino acid sequence, structure, stability, and adaptability of α-amylases from different classes of extremophiles.

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Section: Alkaliphilic α-Amylasementioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and functional adaptation in extremophilic microbial α-amylases

2022

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“…However, the actual pH within the microenvironment where cells are in contact with their lignocellulosic substrate would presumably be lower than the pH of the ambient environment because the primary fermentation products of Cellulomonas species, including strain FA1 (data not shown), are small organic acids, especially acetic acid (Stackebrandt and Schumann 2015). Release of these acids lowers the pH in the vicinity of the cell and thus serves a selective advantage beyond that of maintaining intracellular pH homeostasis under extremely basic conditions (Mamo 2019).…”

Section: Characterization Of a β-1 4-endoxylanase Of Strain Fa1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deconstruction of plant biomass by a Cellulomonas strain isolated from an ultra-basic (lignin-stripping) spring

et al. 2020

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“…However, the response to high pH is specific to these organisms and is worth discussing. The cytoplasm of alkaliphiles, like that of acidophiles, is typically near neutral pH 17 ; therefore, alkaliphiles also have to overcome an imbalance of H + ions 18 . Where acidophiles are “swimming” in H + ions, alkaliphiles are in a relative desert by comparison.…”

Section: Adaptations To Environmental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in understanding extremophiles

Coker

2019

F1000Res

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Despite the typical human notion that the Earth is a habitable planet, over three quarters of our planet is uninhabitable by us without assistance. The organisms that live and thrive in these “inhospitable” environments are known by the name extremophiles and are found in all Domains of Life. Despite our general lack of knowledge about them, they have already assisted humans in many ways and still have much more to give. In this review, I describe how they have adapted to live/thrive/survive in their niches, helped scientists unlock major scientific discoveries, advance the field of biotechnology, and inform us about the boundaries of Life and where we might find it in the Universe.

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Challenges and Adaptations of Life in Alkaline Habitats

Cited by 13 publications

References 219 publications

Structural and functional adaptation in extremophilic microbial α-amylases

Structural and functional adaptation in extremophilic microbial α-amylases

Deconstruction of plant biomass by a Cellulomonas strain isolated from an ultra-basic (lignin-stripping) spring

Recent advances in understanding extremophiles

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