Challenge to Transnational Loyalties: International Scientific Organizations after the First World War

Schroeder‐Gudehus, Brigitte

doi:10.1177/030631277300300201

Cited by 34 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…[53] Thetheoretical physicist Hans Jensen (1907-1973 visited Israel as early as September 1957 to participate in the International Conference on Nuclear Structure at the WI. Jensen was scientificallym ost interesting to nuclear physics at the WI.…”

Section: Collaborations Of the Wi's Department Of Nuclear Physicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rightist and leftist scientists were opposed to the boycott, reactingw ith contempt and stubborn bitterness (which coincided with the general mood in post-Versailles Germany;f or details,s ee Refs. [ 2,3]). When the German government aimed at reconciliation with its former enemiesi nt he mid-1920s,m ost German scientistsa nd their institutional leaders remained intransigent, which led to strong tensions between German diplomats and scholars.However,not all German scientistsfollowed their institutional leaders,t rying instead to reestablish contacts with colleagues from the Allied countries.…”

Section: The International Boycott Against German Science After the Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Work at the WIs Department of Nuclear Physics focussed on fourf ields of research:e xperimental nuclear physics; experimental high energy physics; theoretical studies in nuclear physics;a nd elementary particle physics.T he Minerva Foundation sponsored research in all of these fields. [53] Thetheoretical physicist Hans Jensen (1907-1973 visited Israel as early as September 1957 to participate in the International Conference on Nuclear Structure at the WI. Jensen was scientificallym ost interesting to nuclear physics at the WI.…”

Section: Collaborations Of the Wi's Department Of Nuclear Physicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Collaborations between Israel and Germany in Chemistry and the Other Sciences – a Sign of Normalization?

Deichmann

2015

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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The scientific collaboration between Israel and Germany was not initiated, as commonly believed, by the Max Planck Society or by German scientists who wanted to revive collaboration with their former Jewish colleagues. Rather, it was initiated in the mid‐1950s by two Israeli scientists from the Weizmann Institute and a German scientist at the time at CERN in violation of the widely accepted cultural boycott by Israel against Germany. The initiators succeeded in procuring political support; large‐scale collaboration between the Weizmann Institute, German universities, and the Max Planck Society was developed. In the aftermath of the Second World War, German science suffered from the Nazi expulsion of Jewish scientists and partial international isolation; the collaboration with Israel enabled young German scientists to overcome this isolation and benefit from stimulating Israeli research environments. In times of economic hardship, the collaboration helped Israeli science materially, provided contacts to chemical industry, and strengthened the cooperation between Israeli and European science. The collaboration was built, in part, on postwar myths created by German scientists and the Max Planck Society about their former anti‐Nazi attitudes. Despite the difficult beginnings and some hidden political agendas, the collaboration developed very successfully. Germany became Israel’s second most important partner in the scientific field, after the USA. Today, normalcy prevails in many – though not all – of the Israeli‐German collaborative projects; the past is not forgotten, but science is in the fore.

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Section: Collaborations Of the Wi's Department Of Nuclear Physicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The International Boycott Against German Science After the Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Collaborations Of the Wi's Department Of Nuclear Physicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Collaborations between Israel and Germany in Chemistry and the Other Sciences – a Sign of Normalization?

Deichmann

2015

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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“…The article will also consider the complementary question of whether anti‐German sentiment influenced the rhetoric on Belgian scientific practice. Did profound resentment of Germany—the former occupier—mean that German science was discredited after the First World War, as is commonly held in historiographic circles (Schroeder‐Gudehus, 1973, pp. 94–103; MacLeod, 2000)?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Survival of 19th-Century Scientific Optimism: The Public Discourse on Science in Belgium in the Aftermath of the Great War (ca. 1919-1930)

Onghena¹

2011

Centaurus

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In historiography there is a tendency to see the Great War as marking the end of scientific optimism and the period that followed the war as a time of discord. Connecting to current (inter)national historiographical debate on the question of whether the First World War meant a disruption from the pre-war period or not, this article strives to prove that faith in scientific progress still prevailed in the 1920s. This is shown through the use of Belgium as a case study, which suggests that the generally adopted cultural pessimism in the post-war years did not apply to the public rhetoric of science in this country. Diverse actors -- scientists, industrialists, politicians, the public opinion, and the military staff -- declared a confidence in science, enhanced by wartime results. Furthermore, belief in science in Belgium was not affected by public outcry over the use of mustard gas, unlike in the former belligerent countries where the gas became an unpleasant reminder of how science was used during the war. Even German science with its industrial applications remained the norm after 1918. In fact, the faith in science exhibited during the pre-war years continued to exist, at least until the 1920s, despite anti-German sentiments being voiced by many sections of Belgian society in the immediate aftermath of the war.

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“…This impetus to reimagine and shape international life extended beyond the sphere of politics: it also encompassed the fields of cultural and scientific exchange. This is not to deny that the wartime antagonisms had created manifold challenges for such cooperation (Schroeder-Gudehus, 1973;Crawford, 1992). Nonetheless, transnational intellectual bonds were fostered through a variety of schemes, including designated bodies within the League of Nations system (Laqua, 2011;Renoliet, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Intellectual Exchange and the New Information Order of the Interwar Years: The British Society for International Bibliography, 1927–1937

Laqua¹

2013

lib

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This article examines how the internationalism of the interwar years interacted with a growing concern for documentation and knowledge organization. To this end, it examines the work of the British Society for International Biography. The organization sought close links with British institutions but had pronounced transnational features: it championed the Universal Decimal Classification, collaborated with the International Institute of Bibliography in Brussels, and interacted with the League of Nations' bodies for intellectual cooperation. As a whole, the article shows how different actors sought to shape a new information order, yet it also traces the obstacles that they encountered.

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Challenge to Transnational Loyalties: International Scientific Organizations after the First World War

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Collaborations between Israel and Germany in Chemistry and the Other Sciences – a Sign of Normalization?

Collaborations between Israel and Germany in Chemistry and the Other Sciences – a Sign of Normalization?

The Survival of 19th-Century Scientific Optimism: The Public Discourse on Science in Belgium in the Aftermath of the Great War (ca. 1919-1930)

Intellectual Exchange and the New Information Order of the Interwar Years: The British Society for International Bibliography, 1927–1937

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