Chalcones: An Update on Cytotoxic and Chemoprotective Properties

Abstract

Chalcone is a unique template that is associated with several biological activities. In this review, an update of the cytotoxic and chemoprotective activities of chalcones is provided. Cytotoxicity against tumour cell lines may be the result of disruption of the cell cycle, inhibition of angiogenesis, interference with p53-MDM2 interaction, mitochondrial uncoupling or induction of apoptosis. Structural requirements for cytotoxic activity vary according to the mechanisms of action. For anti-mitotic activity, the presence of methoxy substituents, alpha-methylation of the enone moiety and the presence of 2' oxygenated substituents are favourable features. Conformational restraint of the chalcone template generally leads to a decrease in cytotoxic activity. Chemoprotection by chalcones may be a consequence of their antioxidant properties, mediated via inhibition or induction of metabolic enzymes, by an anti-invasive effect or a reduction in nitric oxide production. Hydroxyl and prenyl substituents are associated with antioxidant properties and induction of quinone reductase activities. The thiol reactivity of chalcones is likely to contribute to both cytotoxic and chemoprotective properties of these compounds.

Blockade of four-transmembrane L6 family member 5 (TM4SF5)-mediated tumorigenicity in hepatocytes by a synthetic chalcone derivative

“…Although the antitumoral properties of chalcones are intensively investigated, 14,15 we found in this study that a toluenesulfonylamido-chalcone, 4Ј-(p-toluenesulfonylamido)-4-hydroxychalcone (TSAHC), antagonized TM4SF5-mediated tumorigenic effects. Our findings suggest that TSAHC functions as a specific anti-TM4SF5 reagent which may be clinically useful in the treatment of diverse tumor types.…”

Avaliação das atividades antiproliferativa e antioxidante em frutos de Campomanesia pubescens

“…Possivelmente a diferença de valores observadas entre os diferentes extratos se deve a presença das chalconas no extrato hexânico. Chalconas são polifenóis e participam como intermediários na biossíntese dos flavonóides 27 . A literatura relata inúmeros estudos e investigações usando diferentes modelos celular e animal que sugerem que chalconas podem inibir a iniciação de alguns tumores, assim como sua progressão 27 .…”

“…Chalconas são polifenóis e participam como intermediários na biossíntese dos flavonóides 27 . A literatura relata inúmeros estudos e investigações usando diferentes modelos celular e animal que sugerem que chalconas podem inibir a iniciação de alguns tumores, assim como sua progressão 27 . Sendo assim, as substâncias isoladas 1 e 2 foram testadas frente as linhagens de células tumorais humanas e apesar de apresentarem, respectivamente, TGI de 9,48 e 13,27 µg/mL frente a célula controle VERO, mostraram resultados promissores frente às linhagens tumorais de melanoma, mama, próstata e cólon, com valores de TGI que variaram de 4,99 a 12,94 µg/mL, portanto com valores de TGI inferiores ao citotóxico para a célula normal controle (Tabela 2).…”

SYNTHESIS & ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES ON NOVEL PYRIMIDINES DERIVED FROM PIPERAZINE CHALCONES

“…The synthesized compounds contain pyrimidine group along with 4-phenol piperzinyl ring. The piperzinyl [4] and pyrimidinyl [3] derivatives demonstrate wide range of biological activities such as anti-diabetic, anti-neoplastic, anti-hypertensive, antiinflammatory, anti-parasitic, anti-histaminic, anti-malarial, anti-oxidant, anti-fungal, antitubercular [6] , immunosuppressant, anti-nociceptive, hypolipidemic, anti-filarial, antiangiogenic, anti-protozoal, anti-bacterial [ and anti-steroidal properties. The synthesized compounds were purified and screened for the antimicrobial activity against various bacterial and fungal strains.…”