Chalcone-1-Deoxynojirimycin Heterozygote Reduced the Blood Glucose Concentration and Alleviated the Adverse Symptoms and Intestinal Flora Disorder of Diabetes Mellitus Rats

Abstract

Chalcone-1-deoxynojirimycin heterozygote (DC-5), a novel compound which was designed and synthesized in our laboratory for diabetes treatment, showed an extremely strong in vitro inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase in our previous studies. In the current research, its potential in vivo anti-diabetic effects were further investigated by integration detection and the analysis of blood glucose concentration, blood biochemical parameters, tissue section and gut microbiota of the diabetic rats. The results indicated that oral administration of DC-5 significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose, both in diabetic and normal rats; meanwhile, it alleviated the adverse symptoms of elevated blood lipid level and lipid metabolism disorder in diabetic rats. Furthermore, DC-5 effectively decreased the organ coefficient and alleviated the pathological changes of the liver, kidney and small intestine of the diabetic rats at the same time. Moreover, the results of 16S rDNA gene sequencing analysis suggested that DC-5 significantly increased the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes and improved the disorder of gut microbiota in diabetic rats. In conclusion, DC-5 displayed a good therapeutic effect on the diabetic rats, and therefore had a good application prospect in hypoglycemic drugs and foods.

Antidiabetic Activities and GC-MS Analysis of 4-Methoxychalcone

“…Furthermore, studies related to the performance of the microbiome in drug metabolism, which directly influences its absorption and bioavailability, along with the potential of flavonoids to improve glycemia, as is the case with MPP, direct this research towards future studies on the possible mechanisms of action of MPP on the microbiota [59]. Studies with chalcone derivatives have also demonstrated this performance in the microbiota [60,61]. Investigations with derivatives of chalcones have related the anti-diabetic activity to its binding potential to the peroxisome proliferator-activated gamma receptor (PPAR-γ) [22,62].…”

Morus Plant Genus: Superb Antidiabetic Activity and Outstanding Source of Nutrients

“…Synthetic derivative that was supplemented (5,10,20 mg/kg BW, daily, 3 weeks) with DNJ (10 mg) as a control. The result was that the high dose lowered blood glucose of diabetic rats, more than DNJ or acarbose [168] Three chrysin-1-DNJ compounds, (Figure 9) These synthetic derivatives were tested for α-glucosidase inhibition, where compound 3 was most active [169] Fagomine with fi sh oil Pure compound, administered (0.96 g/kg BW, daily, 24 weeks) to diabetic rats, resulted decrease of blood glucose and insulin resistance [170] 15 N-DNJ This isotope labeled pure compound was isolated from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and tested for safety of administration to diabetic rats. Safe.…”

Bitter yet beneficial: The dual role of dietary alkaloids in managing diabetes and enhancing cognitive function

“…237,238 Deoxynojirimycin and its derivatives, such as chalcone-1-deoxynojirimycin, improve gut microbiota disorders, increasing the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio in diabetic rats. 208,239 CAP influences gut microbiota by reducing Lactobacillus in T2DM mice while promoting beneficial bacteria, ultimately improving metabolic parameters. 240,241 Nuciferine supplementation affects gut bacteria, mitigating obesity by influencing key phylotypes and functions.…”

“…208 DNJ-derived chalcone shows promise in managing gut health in diabetes. 239 Further research is required to explore the full potential of this compound.…”