Chalcogenide hybrid inorganic/organic polymer resins: Amine functional prepolymers from elemental sulfur

Karayilan, Metin; Kleine, Tristan S.; Carothers, Kyle J.; Griebel, Jared J.; Frederick, Kevin M.; Loy, Douglas A.; Glass, Richard S.; Mackay, Michael E.; Char, Kookheon; Pyun, Jeffrey

doi:10.1002/pola.29480

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Furthermore, the S–S bonds in the backbone of S 8 -derived polymers are chemically sensitive to nucleophiles, bases, and a number of transition metal complexes or salts. − The most elegant and straightforward approach to introducing new functionality into sulfur-derived (co)polymers is the inverse vulcanization of S 8 with functional comonomers. To date, a few examples of direct copolymerization of functional comonomers have been successful, including that of 4-vinylaniline (4VA), propylenedioxythiophenyl styrene, 1,3-phenylenediamine, 4-vinylbenzyl chloride, and 10-undecen-1-ol (UnOH). , Using this approach, reactive side-chain functional groups were able to be carried into the sulfur copolymer chain without the need for protecting group chemistry and were successfully functionalized to form poly(ionic liquids), cross-linked epoxy, or methacrylamide networks …”

Section: Functionalization and Post-polymerization Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerizations with Elemental Sulfur: From Petroleum Refining to Polymeric Materials

et al. 2021

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The production of elemental sulfur from petroleum refining has created a technological opportunity to increase the valorization of elemental sulfur by the synthesis of high-performance sulfur-based plastics with improved optical, electrochemical, and mechanical properties aimed at applications in thermal imaging, energy storage, self-healable materials, and separation science. In this Perspective, we discuss efforts in the past decade that have revived this area of organosulfur and polymer chemistry to afford a new class of high-sulfur-content polymers prepared from the polymerization of liquid sulfur with unsaturated monomers, termed inverse vulcanization.

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Section: Functionalization and Post-polymerization Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerizations with Elemental Sulfur: From Petroleum Refining to Polymeric Materials

et al. 2021

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“…Inverse vulcanization has been widely investigated in material fields, which was proposed by Pyun et al, refers to the copolymerization of vinyl monomers and sulfur with low cost at high temperatures, and generates polymers with high sulfur content (50–90 wt %). − Recently, their mechanical properties have gradually attracted people’s attention. For instance, inverse vulcanization copolymers with 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene monomers displayed high damping properties with a wide temperature range .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inverse Vulcanization Polymer-Modified Eucommia ulmoides Gum with Enhanced Shape Memory Capability and Sound Absorption Property

Kong

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Sulfur-rich polymers (SP) were prepared using styrene as a comonomer in inverse vulcanization with elemental sulfur and used as a vulcanizer for Eucommia ulmoides gum (EUG) modification to generate EUG-SP-x. The effects of SP on the vulcanization process and mechanical properties of EUG-SP-x were investigated. The results showed that the tensile strength and elongation at break increased gradually with the increase of SP from 4 to 8 phr, and EUG-SP-8 displayed a high tensile strength of 29.54 MPa, elongation at break of 573%, and a high toughness of 60.88 MJ m–3, superior to those of conventional vulcanization EUG (EUG-S-5.59 (CB)) and inverse vulcanization NR (NR-SP-8 (CB)). When the amount of SP was 10 phr, the crystallization property of EUG was greatly damaged, and EUG-SP-10 showed the stress–strain curve of elastomers. Dynamic mechanical analysis results showed that tanδ of EUG-SP-8 is 0.3 at −45 °C, 0.111 at 0 °C, and 0.014 at 60 °C, portending excellent low rolling resistance and potential application in green tires. Sound absorption properties and shape memory capabilities were also investigated. EUG-SP-xs displayed improved sound absorption property at room temperature and excellent shape memory capability with quick recovery at moderate temperatures.

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“…The student learning objectives include the following: 76 infrared thermal imaging, 77 and dynamic covalent materials. 78,79 S 8 melts at relatively low temperatures (T m ∼ 119 °C) to form a low viscosity liquid and undergoes bulk (solvent-free or neat) ring-opening polymerization (ROP) when it is heated above its floor temperature (T f = 159 °C). The floor temperature (T f ) is the minimum temperature for a polymerization reaction to occur.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive research over the past decade has been done to prepare high sulfur-content polymers with enhanced properties. The incorporation of a high content of S–S bonds into polymers offers a route to materials that can be applied in next-generation batteries, infrared thermal imaging, and dynamic covalent materials. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zooming in on Polymer Chemistry and Designing Synthesis of High Sulfur-Content Polymers for Virtual Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment

et al. 2021

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Polymer chemistry is essential within chemical education because of its applications in academic and industrial research, materials science, and across engineering disciplines. Teaching polymer chemistry principles early on in the undergraduate curriculum allows students to find connections between chemistry and real-world applications and can promote interest in science and scientific research. Performing laboratory experiments on polymers is of equal importance when integrating polymer concepts into undergraduate-level lectures. There are several widely utilized lab demonstrations on polymer synthesis, characterization, and applications, yet more, easy-to-handle experiments are needed that connect polymers to organic reactions, spectroscopy, and sustainability, especially in a virtual setting. This virtual experiment was designed to incorporate the synthesis of high sulfur-content polymers into the general chemistry laboratory during the pandemic. Teaching assistants (TAs) performed the experiments and collected the necessary data and observations for students. Video recordings of the polymerization reactions, reaction times, and collages of digital images depicting reaction progress (viscosity and color changes) are provided to students. During a single 2−3-h virtual lab meeting, students watch the lab videos, read the student handout and a research paper, and discuss the results and observations with their peers and lab TAs. The lab experiment demonstrates the interdependence of general chemistry learning objectives including chemical bonding, radicals, reaction kinetics, thermodynamics, stoichiometric calculations, and spectroscopy. In addition, this virtual experiment introduces undergraduate students to polymer chemistry, encourages them to look beyond the textbooks and lecture resources by using literature articles, and connects general chemistry concepts with upper-level chemistry classes. Postlab survey results show that students find the video recordings and group discussions on the polymerization reactions very helpful in understanding a new concept within a virtual distant-learning environment.

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Chalcogenide hybrid inorganic/organic polymer resins: Amine functional prepolymers from elemental sulfur

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

Polymerizations with Elemental Sulfur: From Petroleum Refining to Polymeric Materials

Polymerizations with Elemental Sulfur: From Petroleum Refining to Polymeric Materials

Inverse Vulcanization Polymer-Modified Eucommia ulmoides Gum with Enhanced Shape Memory Capability and Sound Absorption Property

Zooming in on Polymer Chemistry and Designing Synthesis of High Sulfur-Content Polymers for Virtual Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment

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