CGIAR genebank viability data reveal inconsistencies in seed collection management

Hay, Fiona R.; Whitehouse, Katherine J.; Ellis, R. H.; Hamilton, N. Ruaraidh Sackville; Lusty, Charlotte; Ndjiondjop, Marie Noëlle; Tia, Ding; Wenzl, Peter; Santos, Luis Guillermo; Yazbek, Mariana; Azevedo, V. C. R.; Peerzada, Ovais Hamid; Abberton, Michael; Oyatomi, Olaniyi; Guzman, F. de; Capilit, Grace Lee; Muchugi, Alice; Kinyanjui, Zakayo

doi:10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100557

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…To arrive at reliable seed longevity estimates, analyses of regular viability monitoring data over the entire storage period are essential. However, even among CGIAR gene banks, there is a lack of robust, reliable historical data on the long-term viability of seed lots [31]. Reliable seed longevity estimates would enable gene bank curators to forecast more reliably regeneration requirements, to estimate the size of seed lots required for long-term storage, and to adapt accession monitoring intervals.…”

Section: Seed Longevitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This includes data on the acquisition, registration, storage conditions and collection type (base, active collection, safety duplicate), monitoring of the viability of accessions prior to storage and in storage, regeneration, characterization, and evaluation, germplasm health testing, distribution, and number of sub-samples and seed quantity of each accession kept in the gene bank [5,55]. In addition, among CGIAR gene banks, weaknesses in effective and consistent documentation of routine gene bank operations have recently been revealed [31]. Accession-level data, which are of high relevance for germplasm users, are passport, characterization, evaluation, and lately also omics data [56].…”

Section: Documentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Critical Review of the Current Global Ex Situ Conservation System for Plant Agrobiodiversity. II. Strengths and Weaknesses of the Current System and Recommendations for Its Improvement

Engels

Ebert

2021

Plants

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In this paper, we review gene bank operations that have an influence on the global conservation system, with the intention to identify critical aspects that should be improved for optimum performance. We describe the role of active and base collections and the importance of linking germplasm conservation and use, also in view of new developments in genomics and phenomics that facilitate more effective and efficient conservation and use of plant agrobiodiversity. Strengths, limitations, and opportunities of the existing global ex situ conservation system are discussed, and measures are proposed to achieve a rational, more effective, and efficient global system for germplasm conservation and sustainable use. The proposed measures include filling genetic and geographic gaps in current ex situ collections; determining unique accessions at the global level for long-term conservation in virtual base collections; intensifying existing international collaborations among gene banks and forging collaborations with the botanic gardens community; increasing investment in conservation research and user-oriented supportive research; improved accession-level description of the genetic diversity of crop collections; improvements of the legal and policy framework; and oversight of the proposed network of global base collections.

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Section: Seed Longevitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Documentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of the Current Global Ex Situ Conservation System for Plant Agrobiodiversity. II. Strengths and Weaknesses of the Current System and Recommendations for Its Improvement

Engels

Ebert

2021

Plants

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“…Multiple guidelines have been published over the years to share best genebank practices [7][8][9]. Germplasm processing for conservation involves several critical steps that can have a prolonged and cumulative influence on the viability and quality of the seeds in storage and their use in the future, as well as on the efficiency of future operations [10]. The critical point, therefore, is not defining what is a seed or plant genebank but in determining what is "soundly managed".…”

Section: Cgiar Genebanks Germplasm Conservation and Genebank Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We describe the challenges that lie behind long-term conservation objectives and the need for serious investments to meet such a commitment, perhaps more than many actors anticipated at the time of collecting seeds and putting them in storage. Such long-term conservation objectives can only be managed through long-term and consistent quality management [10]. In our experience, a quality and performance management approach has helped to manage backlogs and to avoid mistakes, losses and duplication of effort, as well as facilitating continuous improvement.…”

Section: Cgiar Genebanks Germplasm Conservation and Genebank Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effective conservation of seed germplasm samples with the aim of maintaining genetic integrity involves the complex interaction of various factors, including biological characteristics intrinsic to the species, the quality of the seeds and the conditions of the seeds' storage [10,11,13]. If seeds are stored in cold storage without attention to drying and testing processes, packaging, monitoring and maintenance of conditions, then only with luck will they maintain their viability to be germinated some years later.…”

Section: Why Long-term Conservation Is Not As Easy As One Might Thinkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Performance Management System for Long-Term Germplasm Conservation in CGIAR Genebanks: Aiming for Quality, Efficiency and Improvement

Lusty¹,

Beem²,

Hay

2021

Plants

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UN Sustainable Development Goal 2 Target 2.5 focuses on the conservation of genetic diversity in soundly managed genebanks. In examining the term “soundly managed”, it becomes quickly evident that there is much more to long-term conservation than placing samples of seeds or other germplasm in long-term conservation conditions. There are several important factors that determine whether germplasm samples will remain viable in storage for long periods of time. To manage these factors efficiently and effectively, genebanks require sound data and quality management systems. The CGIAR Genebank Platform, coordinated by the Crop Trust, put in place a number of mechanisms that enabled effective online reporting, performance management, quality management, audit and external review and validation. These mechanisms do not conform to the usual monitoring systems put in place for research programs and have only been possible thanks to the flexibility of CGIAR in recognising that the genebanks were exceptional. As a result, in the past 10 years, CGIAR genebanks have significantly improved their performance and the conservation status of collections.

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Two decades of climate change alters seed longevity in an alpine herb: implications for ex situ seed conservation

et al. 2022

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Climate warming in mountain areas is increasing faster than the global average, threatening alpine plants. Climate affects many traits including seeds, the longevity of which is important for conservation, facilitating genebank storage. Seeds of alpine species are considered short-lived in storage, but their longevity increases when produced under a warmer parental environment. Consequently, with climate warming, seeds of alpine species may have increased fitness and be longer-lived in genebank storage. We assessed seed longevity under artificial ageing in 10 accessions of the arctic-alpine species Viscaria alpina stored under genebank conditions for different time periods over the last 20 years. The seed collection site was in the northern Apennines, where above average warming and variable precipitation has been recorded. The time taken for viability to fall to 50% (p50) was estimated using probit analysis; correlation and general linear regression were used to investigate the effects of length of time in storage, seed mass and climate under which seeds were produced on seed longevity. p50 varied between 7.77 and 18.49 days. There was no relationship between length of time in storage or seed mass on seed longevity. p50 was higher in years with increased temperature and lower precipitation during the growing season, with precipitation having more impact than temperature. The results suggest that seeds of alpine species are suitable for genebank storage, and inter-annual variation in precipitation induces a plastic response in seed longevity. Using genebank stored seeds provides insights into how alpine species may respond to future climate changes and could have implications for genebank storage.

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CGIAR genebank viability data reveal inconsistencies in seed collection management

Cited by 18 publications

References 27 publications

A Critical Review of the Current Global Ex Situ Conservation System for Plant Agrobiodiversity. II. Strengths and Weaknesses of the Current System and Recommendations for Its Improvement

A Critical Review of the Current Global Ex Situ Conservation System for Plant Agrobiodiversity. II. Strengths and Weaknesses of the Current System and Recommendations for Its Improvement

A Performance Management System for Long-Term Germplasm Conservation in CGIAR Genebanks: Aiming for Quality, Efficiency and Improvement

Two decades of climate change alters seed longevity in an alpine herb: implications for ex situ seed conservation

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