CFRP bonding pre-treatment with laser radiation of 3 μm wavelength: laser/material interaction

Blass, David M.; Kreling, Stefan; Nyga, Sebastian; Westphalen, Thomas; Jungbluth, Bernd; Hoffman, Hans-Dieter; Dilger, Klaus

doi:10.1117/12.2209514

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In comparison with conventional laser sources (fiber-laser, frequency tripled solid state laser, and CO 2 -laser) a comparable (frequency tripled solid state (UV) laser) or a better cleaning effect resulting in high bonding strengths could be achieved. Based on the presented and previous examinations [ 8 , 18 ], the applicability of the developed laser source could be proven even for the low emitted average output power.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A method, which provides a high automation potential with reduced wear and a high flexibility, is applied toward laser radiation, which is shown in several fields such as cutting, welding [ 6 ], and materials testing [ 7 ]. Based on this potential, several investigations about the applicability of different laser sources [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ] to clean the surface in the context of bonding pre-treatment and characterize the ablation behavior of different CFRP types were made.…”

Section: Introduction and State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Highly mature lasers with lifetimes spanning over several 10,000 h can be provided at low cost in the near-infrared, e.g., solid state or fiber-lasers at 1064 nm, and in the mid-infrared, e.g., CO 2 -lasers at 10,600 nm [ 9 , 13 ]. The transparency of epoxy (one of the most common resins in CFRP) is typically high in the near-infrared region (see Figure 1 ) [ 18 ]. Resulting, the major part of the irradiated light will be absorbed by the fibers, which consequently removes the resin based on the difference of thermal elongation of fibers and resin.…”

Section: Introduction and State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resulting, the major part of the irradiated light will be absorbed by the fibers, which consequently removes the resin based on the difference of thermal elongation of fibers and resin. This can lead to delamination effects in the compound material [ 11 , 12 , 18 ]. Even though the absorption in epoxy is high at 10,600 nm, the low photon energy of CO 2 -laser radiation can lead to thermal ablation and still causes delamination effects.…”

Section: Introduction and State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The laser radiation shall be provided by using a low cost industrial laser at 1064 nm and a subsequent efficient frequency conversion to 3 µm. First implementations of a 3 µm laser and bonding pre-treatment experiments were presented by the authors [ 8 , 18 , 19 ]. This paper focuses on the comparison of the pre-treatment results of adherents at a 3 µm wavelength with the results at wavelengths emitted by conventional lasers.…”

Section: Introduction and State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composite Bonding Pre-Treatment with Laser Radiation of 3 µm Wavelength: Comparison with Conventional Laser Sources

et al. 2018

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To use the full potential of composite parts, e.g., to reduce the structural weight of cars or airplanes, a greater focus is needed on the joining technology. Adhesive bonding is considered favorable, superior joining technology for these parts. Unfortunately, to provide a structural and durable bond, a surface pre-treatment is necessary. Due to its high integration potential in industrial process chains, laser radiation can be a very efficient tool for this purpose. Within the BMBF-funded (German Federal Ministry of Education and Research) project GEWOL, a laser source that emits radiation at 3 µm wavelength (which shows significant advantages in theory) was developed for a sensitive laser-based bonding pre-treatment. Within the presented study, the developed laser source was compared with conventional laser sources emitting radiation at 355 nm, 1064 nm, and 10,600 nm in terms of application for a composite bonding pre-treatment. With the different laser sources, composites were treated, analytically tested, subsequently bonded, and mechanically tested to determine the bonding ability of the treated specimens. The results show a sensitive treatment of the surface with the developed laser source, which resulted in a very effective cleaning, high bonding strengths (over 32 MPa), and a good effectiveness compared with the conventional laser sources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introduction and State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction and State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction and State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction and State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composite Bonding Pre-Treatment with Laser Radiation of 3 µm Wavelength: Comparison with Conventional Laser Sources

et al. 2018

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Adhesively bonded CFRP/Al joints: Influence of the surface pretreatment on corrosion during salt spray test

Schanz

Nester

Meinhard

et al. 2021

Materials & Corrosion

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The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of different surface pretreatments on the aging behavior of adhesively bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymers/Al joints in a standardized salt spray environment. Therefore, the bonding surfaces were acetone‐cleaned or laser‐pretreated by near‐infrared laser radiation. The pretreated surfaces were examined using optical microscopes, roughness measurements, and infiltration tests. Mechanical testing of the joints was performed in the unaged state and after five aging durations from 120 to 1440 h. The acetone‐cleaned specimens lose a maximum 20% of their initial average shear strength of 22 MPa after aging up to 1440 h. In contrast, the fracture patterns of the laser‐pretreated samples show corrosive degradation after 720 h, indicating galvanic coupling and crevice corrosion. This leads to a significant decrease in shear strength up to 50% after 1440 h of aging. Therefore, some strategies to avoid contact corrosion via the pretreatment and joining process are presented additionally.

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A comparative study on the adhesive bonding strength of unidirectional, 4-Harness Satin weaved and plain weaved carbon fibre reinforced polymer after KrF excimer laser pre-treatment

Kundu

Mandal

Saha

2022

Applied Surface Science

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CFRP bonding pre-treatment with laser radiation of 3 μm wavelength: laser/material interaction

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Composite Bonding Pre-Treatment with Laser Radiation of 3 µm Wavelength: Comparison with Conventional Laser Sources

Composite Bonding Pre-Treatment with Laser Radiation of 3 µm Wavelength: Comparison with Conventional Laser Sources

Adhesively bonded CFRP/Al joints: Influence of the surface pretreatment on corrosion during salt spray test

A comparative study on the adhesive bonding strength of unidirectional, 4-Harness Satin weaved and plain weaved carbon fibre reinforced polymer after KrF excimer laser pre-treatment

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