CFD modelling of moisture evaporation in an industrial dispersed system

Wawrzyniak, P.; Jaskulski, Maciej; Zbiciński, Ireneusz; Podyma, Marek

doi:10.1016/j.apt.2016.09.029

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Tran et al apply the CDRC model in their CFD modeling of skim milk spray drying and found satisfactory accuracy for the entire range of modeled drying conditions [ 133 ]. Wawrzyniak et al similarly utilized this approach to model the mass transfer in the droplets in their CFD simulations of a drying tower [ 134 ]. This approach has also been applied in CFD simulations of the drying of sucrose-maltodextrin solutions in a spray dryer by Woo et al and for the drying of droplets of skim milk by Patel et al [ 135 , 136 , 137 ].…”

Section: Physics Of Particle Formation From a Drying Dropletmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling Particle Formation: From Single Droplet Drying to Spray Drying and Electrospraying

et al. 2020

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Spray drying and electrospraying are well-established drying processes that already have proven their value in the pharmaceutical field. However, there is currently still a lack of knowledge on the fundamentals of the particle formation process, thereby hampering fast and cost-effective particle engineering. To get a better understanding of how functional particles are formed with respect to process and formulation parameters, it is indispensable to offer a comprehensive overview of critical aspects of the droplet drying and particle formation process. This review therefore closely relates single droplet drying to pharmaceutical applications. Although excellent reviews exist of the different aspects, there is, to the best of our knowledge, no single review that describes all steps that one should consider when trying to engineer a certain type of particle morphology. The findings presented in this article have strengthened the predictive value of single droplet drying for pharmaceutical drying applications like spray drying and electrospraying. Continuous follow-up of the particle formation process in single droplet drying experiments hence allows optimization of manufacturing processes and particle engineering approaches and acceleration of process development.

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Section: Physics Of Particle Formation From a Drying Dropletmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling Particle Formation: From Single Droplet Drying to Spray Drying and Electrospraying

et al. 2020

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“…In the above-presented literature for modeling the two-phase spray drying processes, authors used the Eulerian-Lagrangian multiphase modeling approach based on the Particle-Source-In Cell (PSI-CELL) model of Crowe et al [37] The choice for the turbulence model depended on the type of inlet flow. For low to moderate swirling flows, as encountered in co-current spray dryer geometries, the standard k-epsilon turbulence model has shown good accuracy [28,31,32,34,38,39], while for highly swirling flows such as those encountered in counter-current dryers, the Reynolds Stress Model [6,36,40], k-omega SST model [41], or k-epsilon RNG [29,42,43] were recommended. Furthermore, using reflecting particle-wall boundary conditions provided more accurate results than escape particle-wall boundary conditions [6,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wawrzyniak et al [36] validated a 3D, transient CFD model to the experimental temperature and velocity measurements for an industrial spray drying tower. The model followed a similar trend with the experiments; however, due to the high swirling and an unsteady flow near the inlets and mixing zones, large discrepancies were observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study and Experimental Validation of Skim Milk Drying in a Process Intensified Counter Flow Spray Dryer

Rahman

Pozarlik

2021

Energies

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This research presents 3D steady-state simulations of a skim milk spray drying process in a counter-current configuration dryer. A two-phase flow involving gas and discrete phase is modeled using the Eulerian–Lagrangian model with two-way coupling between phases. The drying kinetics of skim milk is incorporated using the Reaction Engineering Approach. The model predictions are found to be in accordance with the experimental temperature measurements with a maximum average error of 5%. The validated computational model is employed further to study the effects of nozzle position, initial spray Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD), air inlet temperature, and feed rate on the temperature and moisture profiles, particle impact positions, drying histories, and product recovery at the outlet. The location of the nozzle upwards (≈23 cm) resulted in maximum product recovery and increased the mean particle residence time at the outlet. A similar trend was observed for the highest feed rate of 26 kg/h owing to the increased spray penetration upstream in the chamber. The maximum evaporation zone was detected close to the atomizer (0–10 cm) when the spray SMD is 38 µm, whereas it shifts upstream (40–50 cm) of the dryer for an SMD of 58 µm. The high air inlet temperature resulted in enhanced evaporation rates only in the initial 10–20 cm distance from the atomizer. The results obtained in this study are beneficial for the development of the novel vortex chamber-based reactors with a counter flow mechanism.

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“…20) In addition, the effect of drying condition and the drying tower geometry on the fluid behavior and droplet trajectory have been investigated. [21][22][23][24][25] Recently, the CFD studies that considered the collision between droplets (or particles) and deposition on a spray dryer wall have increased, and the importance of the boundary condition between a particle and wall has been discussed. [26][27][28][29][30] Previous studies have primarily focused on a single droplet drying or the overall fluid and droplet drying behaviors inside a spray dryer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study on Spray Drying Process: Effect of Nonuniform Temperature Field and Interaction between Droplets on Evaporation Rates of Individual Droplets

Okada

Ohsaki

Nakamura

et al. 2021

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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Spray drying process is widely used to produce particulate materials in the pharmaceutical industries, such as porous materials for direct compression, solid dispersion for improvement of drug dissolution properties, micro encapsulation to stabilize active compounds, taste masking, preparation of dry powder for inhalation. However, as many factors affect the physical properties of dried particles and the spray drying processes have complex behaviors in which heat and mass transfer occur simultaneously, the detailed mechanisms of dry particle generation have yet to be sufficiently elucidated. In this study, computational fluid dynamics was used to simulate water droplet evaporation in a spray dryer, and the evaporation kinetics of "individual droplets" in the droplet aggregate (group) were analyzed. The numerical simulation revealed that each droplet had different evaporation rates owing to the following two reasons. First, the driving force of evaporation, ΔT, changed every moment as the droplets traveled through different temperature fields in the drying tower. Second, it was calculated the driving force for droplet evaporation differed from the ideal system because the evaporation of other droplets changed the fluid characteristics around the droplets. The obtained results are important findings that lead to the understanding the spray drying process to design and manufacture the pharmaceutical products.

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CFD modelling of moisture evaporation in an industrial dispersed system

Cited by 26 publications

References 14 publications

Unraveling Particle Formation: From Single Droplet Drying to Spray Drying and Electrospraying

Unraveling Particle Formation: From Single Droplet Drying to Spray Drying and Electrospraying

Numerical Study and Experimental Validation of Skim Milk Drying in a Process Intensified Counter Flow Spray Dryer

Numerical Study on Spray Drying Process: Effect of Nonuniform Temperature Field and Interaction between Droplets on Evaporation Rates of Individual Droplets

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