CFD Modeling of Gas–Solid Cyclone Separators at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures

Nakhaei, Mohammadhadi; Lu, Bona; Tian, Yujie; Wang, Wei; Dam‐Johansen, Kim; Wu, Hao

doi:10.3390/pr8020228

Cited by 47 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 136 publications

(250 reference statements)

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“…In the FCC regenerator, the cyclones are used to separate any entrained catalyst particles escaping at the top of the freeboard from the flue gases leaving the regenerator system. The most used type of cyclone in these systems is the tangential inlet cyclone that uses turbulent swirling flow to separate the high-density entrained phase (the catalyst particulate phase) from the low-density carrier phase (the gas) [156]. The swirling flow pattern usually consists of a double vortex flow pattern; an outer vortex with downward axial velocity and an inner vortex with upward axial velocity, shown in Figure 5a.…”

Section: Cyclonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The swirling flow pattern usually consists of a double vortex flow pattern; an outer vortex with downward axial velocity and an inner vortex with upward axial velocity, shown in Figure 5a. The outer vortex loses its downward momentum towards the bottom of the cyclone and subsequently changes direction to flow upwards, resulting in the inner vortex being formed [156]. Because of the complex nature of the flow inside the cyclone, this flow pattern influences some of the important operational parameters, such as the separation efficiency and the pressure drop [156].…”

Section: Cyclonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Modelling of the FCC Unit—Part II: The Regenerator

et al. 2022

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Heavy petroleum industries, including the Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) unit, are among some of the biggest contributors to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The FCC unit’s regenerator is where these emissions originate mostly, meaning the operation of FCC regenerators has come under scrutiny in recent years due to the global mitigation efforts against climate change, affecting both current operations and the future of the FCC unit. As a result, it is more important than ever to develop models that are accurate and reliable at predicting emissions of various greenhouse gases to keep up with new reporting guidelines that will help optimise the unit for increased coke conversion and lower operating costs. Part 1 of this paper was dedicated to reviewing the riser section of the FCC unit. Part 2 reviews traditional modelling methodologies used in modelling and simulating the FCC regenerator. Hydrodynamics and kinetics of the regenerator are discussed in terms of experimental data and modelling. Modelling of constitutive parts that are important to the FCC unit, such as gas–solid cyclones and catalyst transport lines, are also considered. This review then identifies areas where the current generation of models of the regenerator can be improved for the future. Parts 1 and 2 are such that a comprehensive review of the literature on modelling the FCC unit is presented, showing the guidance and framework followed in building models for the unit.

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Section: Cyclonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cyclonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Modelling of the FCC Unit—Part II: The Regenerator

et al. 2022

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“…The LES model and RSM can accurately describe the complex flow field changes in the separator 26–29 . The LES model has strict requirements on grid accuracy, so it needs strong computing power and hardware equipment 30,31 . The RES abandons the eddy viscosity assumption used by other models 29,32,33 and completely solves the differential transport equation of Reynolds stress and adds the influence of wall to more accurately simulate and predict the internal complex flow field, so the RSM model is selected.…”

Section: Numerical Simulation Of Cyclone Separatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation and performance evaluation of cyclone separator with built‐in material for sand removal in gas well

Liang

Huang

Zhao

et al. 2021

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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The natural gas produced from gas wells contains a lot of fine gravel impurities, which causes the blockage of precision pressure regulating equipment and metering equipment. Cyclone separator is widely used in the field of natural gas surface sand removal because of its simple structure and high separation efficiency. In the field application of traditional cyclone separators, there are some problems, such as ineffective separation of fine sand particles in natural gas, low separation efficiency, and large energy loss. In order to solve the above problems, a new cyclone separator is designed in this paper; that is, a cone built‐in object is arranged inside the traditional separator to improve the separation efficiency and reduce the pressure drop. First, the feasibility of the scheme is verified by comparing the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation results of the traditional separator with the experimental results. Second, the performance indexes of the new separator and the traditional separator under specific working conditions are simulated and compared. The conclusions are as follows: compared with the traditional separator, the new separator can improve the tangential velocity of the outer cyclone. It has obvious separation effect on small particles, and the separation particle size ratio can be reduced by 47.83%. The pressure drop of the separator is reduced by 11.42%. While the separation efficiency and precision are improved, the overall performance of the separator is also improved and the energy consumption is reduced.

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“…Зараз гідродинамічне моделювання газових потоків в апаратах різних конструкцій на основі CFDмоделювання широко вивчено [9,10]. Даний метод широко застосовується, наприклад, для оптимізації центральної випускної труби у великих циклонних сепараторах для цементного виробництва [11], досліджень характеристик великого промислового циклону Stairmand [12], досліджень структури газового потоку в залежності від конструкції вхідного і вихідного патрубка [13], оптимізації геометрії циклонів першої стадії, що використовуються в технологічній лінії випалу клінкеру цементного виробництва [14], дослідження гідродинамічних режимів роботи циклону для вловлення пилу поліетилену низького тиску [15], дослідження впливу високої запиленості газового потоку при температурах навколишнього середовища і підвищених температурах на роботу циклонних сепараторів [16].…”

Section: виклад основного матеріалуunclassified

Study of the structure of gas flow іn a cyclone wіth іntermedіate dust removal

Майструк¹

2021

Вісник НТУ "ХПІ"

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The works in which designs of the dust collectors, which are often used in the industry, are analyzed. It is shown that the efficiency of dust collectors largely depends on the structure of the gas flow in the apparatus. Based on the analysis of the current cyclone devices, a picture of the separation process is obtained, and the factors that negatively affect the operation of dust collectors are identified. It is established that forecasting the work of dust collecting devices in certain conditions is most effective to perform methods of numerical modeling and simulation of the separation process, which are widely used for the research of devices of this type. Using the methods of numerical simulation, the study of the cyclone with intermediate dust removal was carried out. In this cyclone, the change in the radius of the apparatus of the tangential, radial, and axial velocity components is investigated. In the course of the research, it is established that in the separation space the tangential component of velocity increases from 18–20 m/s in the upper part of the device to 22–25 m/s in the area of the lower end of the exhaust pipe, the radial component of velocity takes values from 0 to 2 m/s, and the axial component of the speed has a maximum value of 10–15 m/s. In the conical part of the apparatus the tangential component of velocity decreases from 27 m/s in the upper planes of the conical part of the apparatus to 10 m / s near the dust unloading pipe, the radial component of speed has centripetal character, the axial component of speed decreases as the gas flow to the dust unloading pipe decreases. It has been established that in the cylindrical part of the apparatus about 60 % of the gas flow volume is transferred from the downstream to the upstream by a secondary vortex, and in the conical part, about 40 % of the gas volume is transferred from the downstream to the upstream. It is shown that large values of the tangential component of velocity in the separation zone contribute to the ingress of dust particles into the annular space behind the dust unloading holes, and small values of the tangential component of velocity, axial and radial in the annular space behind the dust unloading holes has a positive effect on the operation of the dust collector.

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CFD Modeling of Gas–Solid Cyclone Separators at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures

Cited by 47 publications

References 136 publications

A Review of Modelling of the FCC Unit—Part II: The Regenerator

A Review of Modelling of the FCC Unit—Part II: The Regenerator

Numerical simulation and performance evaluation of cyclone separator with built‐in material for sand removal in gas well

Study of the structure of gas flow іn a cyclone wіth іntermedіate dust removal

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