CFD Investigation into Internal Flows of PEM Fuel Cell for Optimal Performances

Abstract

It is the objective of this study to present the 3-dimensional comprehensive computational fuel cell dynamics (CFCD) model of a scaled-down single PEM cell featuring a nominal active surface of 0.0004 m2 for both conventional and serpentine flow field designs. The performance of these two designs are then analysed and compared keeping both anode and cathode inlet gases fully humidified. Then the parallel flow field was modelled under different inlet gas relative humidities (RHa/RHc) representing saturated, moderate, and dry conditions to observe the gain in cell performance. The higher pressure drop of the serpentine flow-field was demonstrated and the magnitude of which might seem to be negligible in the range of 100 Pascal. The simulation results show that a parallel flow-field design with appropriate humidity level can compete with the serpentine counterpart and gives considerably lower pressure drop across the cell. With a grid-independency analysis, it is suggested for the computational power available, the percentage error of important variables (species concentration and averaged current density) between the reference and finer mesh is negligible (< 3%) and the solution time is considerably less.

A CFD Investigation of Effects of Flow-Field Geometry on Transient Performance of an Automotive Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell

“…One remarkable work was published by Gurau et al [5] in which he utilised a single-domain approach in the development of his 2-dimensional model so that all components shared the same diffusion-convection transport equations for each dependent variable allowing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique to be used in PEMFC modelling for the first time after it has been deployed in previous works in electrochemical systems [6][7]. The mass transport aspect of different flow-field design and its effect on the performance of a PEMFC have been revealed by many studies [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] through the use of computational fuel cell dynamics (CFCD).…”