CFD Analysis on Single Expansion Ramp Nozzle Performance

Holder, Justin; Malla, Bhupatindra; Gutmark, Ephraim

doi:10.2514/6.2018-1099

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…36 Further refinement of the mesh is done using the inflation layers at both tire surface and the road surface to capture the fluid flow calculations various aspects near the surfaces of tire and road. 26,37 The Prism elements are used in the generation of the inflation layers. A comprehensive mesh independence study was conducted for overall sound pressure level, drag coefficient and lift coefficient.…”

Section: Meshingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural networks assisted computational aero-acoustic analysis of an isolated tire

Uddin

Niazi

Arafat

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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The computational aero-acoustic study of an isolated passenger car tire is carried out to understand the effect of dimensions of longitudinal tire grooves and operational parameters (velocity and temperature) on tire noise. The computational fluid dynamics and acoustic models are used to obtain aero-acoustic tire noise at near-field and far-field receivers around the tire and artificial neural networks-based regression are used to study the highly non-linear and interactive causal relationships in the system. Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes based realizable k-epsilon model is used to solve the flow field in the computational domain. The Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings model is used to obtain aero-acoustic tire noise at far-field positions. Spectral analysis is used to convert the output time domain to frequency domain and to obtain A-weighted sound pressure level. Artificial neural network–based response surface regression is conducted to understand casual relationships between A-weighted sound pressure level and control variables (Groove depth, Groove width, Temperature and velocity). Maximum A-weighted sound pressure level is observed in the wake region of the tire model. The interaction study indicates that ∼10% reduction in the aero-acoustic emissions is possible by selecting appropriate combinations of groove width and groove depth. The interaction of velocity with width is found to be most significant with respect to A-weighted sound pressure level at all receivers surrounding the tire. The interaction of operational parameters, that is, velocity and temperature are found to be significant with respect to A-weighted sound pressure level at wake and front receivers. Therefore, the regional speed limits and seasonal temperatures need to be considered while designing the tire to achieve minimum aero-acoustic emissions.

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Section: Meshingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural networks assisted computational aero-acoustic analysis of an isolated tire

Uddin

Niazi

Arafat

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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show abstract

“…Tetrahedral cells are used to fill the domain including the region of refinement zones (Çengel, 2010). Inflation layers are developed on tire boundary and road surface to capture better flow characteristics (Grabowski et al ., 2015; Holder et al ., 2018; Wang et al ., 2018). Prism cells are used to construct the inflation layers.…”

Section: Computer-simulated Experimentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial intelligence-based Monte-Carlo numerical simulation of aerodynamics of tire grooves using computational fluid dynamics

Uddin

Arafat

Kazim

et al. 2019

AIEDAM

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In the current work, the effects of design (groove depth and groove width) and operational (temperature and velocity) parameters on aerodynamic performance parameters (coefficient of drag and coefficient of lift) of an isolated passenger car tire have been investigated. The study is conducted by using neural network-based Monte-Carlo analysis on computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The computer experiments are designed to obtain the causal relationship between tire design, operational, and aerodynamic performance parameters. The Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations-based Realizable K-ε model has been employed to analyze the variations in flow patterns around an isolated tire. The design parameters are varied over wide range and full factorial design, while considering temperature and velocity is completely explored to draw conclusive results. The multi-layer perceptron type neural network with the back-propagation algorithm is trained to map any non-linearity in causal relationships. The sensitivity analysis is performed to find the relationship between control variables and performance indicators. The importance of control variable is determined by both sensitivity and significance analyses and the paired interaction analysis is performed between selected control variables to find the interactive behavior of corresponding variables. The design parameter of groove width with 6.8% and 41% reduction in drag and lift coefficient, respectively, and conventionally overlooked operational parameter of velocity with 4% and 35% impact on drag and lift coefficient, respectively, are found to be the most significant variables. The air trapped between the longitudinal grooves and the road is found to follow the beam theory. The interaction of the groove depth and width is found to be significant with respect to coefficient of lift based on the air beam concept. The interaction of groove width and velocity is found to be significant with respect to both coefficients of lifts and drag.

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CFD Analysis on Single Expansion Ramp Nozzle Performance

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Neural networks assisted computational aero-acoustic analysis of an isolated tire

Neural networks assisted computational aero-acoustic analysis of an isolated tire

Artificial intelligence-based Monte-Carlo numerical simulation of aerodynamics of tire grooves using computational fluid dynamics

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