Cetylpyridinium chloride inhibits human breast tumor cells growth in a no-selective way

Abstract

Objective: Analyze the antitumor capacity of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) on human breast tumor cells, and the possible action mechanism. Material and methods: The human breast tumor cells MCF-7 and no-tumor breast cells MCF-10A were exposed to CPC under various condition (concentration and duration). Cell viability was measured with MTT assay, the LIVE/DEAD assay, and fluorescence microscopy. Membrane permeability after CPC exposure was evaluated by Calcein AM assay, mitochondrial morphology with a MitoView staining, and genotoxicity with the comet assay and fluorescence microscopy. Results: CPC was cytotoxic to both MCF-7 and MCF-10A as of a 24-h exposure to 0.1 µM. Cytotoxicity was dose-dependent and reached 91% for MCF-7 and 78% for MCF-10A after a 24-h exposure to 100 µM CPC, which outperformed the positive control doxorubicin in effectiveness and selectivity. The LD50 of CPC on was 6 µM for MCF-7 and 8 µM for MCF-10A, yielding a selectivity index of 1.41. A time response analysis revealed 64% dead cells after only 5 min of exposure to 100 µM CPC. With respect to the action mechanisms, the comet assay did not reveal genome fragmentation. On the other hand, membrane damage was dose-dependent and may also affect mitochondrial morphology. Conclusion: Cetylpyridinium chloride inhibits MCF-7 cell growing in a non-selective way as of 5 min of exposure. The action mechanism of CPC on tumor cells involves cell membrane damage without change neither mitochondrial morphology nor genotoxicity.

Cumulative antitumor effect of bismuth lipophilic nanoparticles and cetylpyridinium chloride in inhibiting the growth of lung cancer

“…17 Besides, both BisBAL NP and CPC have been reported to alter membrane permeability and promote lysis of cancer cells. 17,22 Results from the current study suggest that cytoplasmic BisBAL NP may also interfere with the microtubule network of A549 cells as does the antitumor drug DTX. It is well known that the cytotoxicity of DTX is achieved through inhibition of microtubule dynamics.…”

“…CPC has been found to inhibit the growth of human breast cancer cells non-selectively. 22 Previously, CPC was reported to be highly cytotoxic to human LC cells (A549 cells) with an IC 50 value of 5.79 µg/mL. 23 The current study describes the cumulative effect of BisBAL NP and CPC on the growth inhibition and cytotoxicity of human LC A549 cells.…”

“…CPC has been found to inhibit the growth of human breast cancer cells non-selectively. 22 Previously, CPC was reported to be highly cytotoxic to human LC cells (A549 cells) with an IC 50 value of 5.79 µg/mL. 23…”