Cetylpyridinium Chloride-Containing Mouthwashes Show Virucidal Activity against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Riveira-Muñoz, Eva; García-Vidal, Edurne; Bañó-Polo, Manuel; León, Rubén; Blanc, Vanessa; Sala, Bonaventura Clotet; Ballana, Ester

doi:10.3390/v15071433

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…All in all, our results confirm the antiviral properties of CPC and CHX against IAV and include RSV as a susceptible microorganism to these two compounds. Given these results, the data available in the literature [5,8,9,11,[13][14][15][19][20][21]34], and the mechanisms of action of both CPC and CHX [10,22,[35][36][37][38] we could expect similar results for other enveloped respiratory viruses.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 66%

Cetylpyridinium chloride and chlorhexidine show antiviral activity against Influenza A virus and Respiratory Syncytial virus in vitro

Rius-Salvador,

García-Múrria,

Rusu

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background The oral cavity is the site of entry and replication for many respiratory viruses. Furthermore, it is the source of droplets and aerosols that facilitate viral transmission. It is thought that appropriate oral hygiene that alters viral infectivity might reduce the spread of respiratory viruses and contribute to infection control. Materials and methods Here, we analyzed the antiviral activity of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), chlorhexidine (CHX), and three commercial CPC and CHX-containing mouthwash preparations against the Influenza A virus and the Respiratory syncytial virus. To do so the aforementioned compounds and preparations were incubated with the Influenza A virus or with the Respiratory syncytial virus. Next, we analyzed the viability of the treated viral particles. Results Our results indicate that CPC and CHX decrease the infectivity of both the Influenza A virus and the Respiratory Syncytial virus in vitro between 90 and 99.9% depending on the concentration. Likewise, CPC and CHX-containing mouthwash preparations were up to 99.99% effective in decreasing the viral viability of both the Influenza A virus and the Respiratory syncytial virus in vitro. Conclusion The use of a mouthwash containing CPC or CHX alone or in combination might represent a cost-effective measure to limit infection and spread of enveloped respiratory viruses infecting the oral cavity, aiding in reducing viral transmission. Our findings may stimulate future clinical studies to evaluate the effects of CPC and CHX in reducing viral respiratory transmissions.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 66%

Cetylpyridinium chloride and chlorhexidine show antiviral activity against Influenza A virus and Respiratory Syncytial virus in vitro

Rius-Salvador,

García-Múrria,

Rusu

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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“…Seo et al demonstrated that CPC should induce hepatitis B virus (HBV) inhibition through inhibition of viral capsid assembly by conducting in vitro and in vivo assay [13]. Riveira-Muñoz et al demonstrated a favorable antiviral effect of CPC against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in antiviral activity test using HSV-1 and human papillomavirus (HPV) stocks and further anticipated that CPC could exert significant antiviral activity against enveloped viruses [14]. Danial et al demonstrated that CPC was active against susceptible and oseltamivir-resistant influenza strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An exploratory study of drug concentration and inhibitory effect of cetylpyridinium chloride buccal tablets on SARS‐CoV‐2 infection among 10 Chinese subjects

Li,

Xie,

Chen

et al. 2023

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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BackgroundIt was evidenced that cetylpyridinium‐chloride (CPC) mouthwash could inhibit SARS‐COV‐2 activity and reduce salivary viral load, thus reducing SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission. However, due to insufficient residence time in the oral cavity, CPC‐containing mouthwashes have no prolonged antiviral effect. The duration of action of the CPC buccal tablet is expected to be longer than that of the mouthwash. However, there are currently no reports on the salivary drug concentration of CPC buccal tablets.ObjectiveThe study aimed to investigate the salivary drug concentration of CPC buccal tablets and the antiviral effect of CPC on SARS‐CoV‐2 in vitro.Trial designThis is a single‐dose, single‐arm clinical trial, involving 10 Chinese healthy subjects who received 2‐mg CPC buccal tablet to collect saliva samples and to detect saliva concentration at different timepoints within 2 h (Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT05802628, Registration Date: April 6, 2023).Materials and methodsCPC concentration in saliva was detected by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated based on the non‐compartmental model. With an in vitro antiviral experiment, the activity of CPC buccal tablets against SARS‐CoV‐2 and its cellular toxicity was tested.ResultsDrug concentrations in saliva at 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 1.5 h, and 2 h after administration were 8008.33 (1042.25, 41081.11), 2093.34 (373.15, 5759.83), 1016.58 (378.66, 3480.68), 891.77 (375.66, 6322.07), and 717.43 (197.87, 2152.71) ng/mL. PK parameters of saliva concentration: Cmax = 8008.33 (1042.25, 41081.11) ng/mL, AUC0‐t = 4172.37 (904.42, 13912.61) ng/mL * h, AUC0‐∞ = 6712.85 (1856.77, 19971.12) ng/mL * h, T1/2 = 1.22 (0.59, 2.83) h, Tmax = 0.25 (0.25, 0.25) h. As determined in in vitro experiment, CPC was active on SARS‐CoV‐2 with cytotoxic and inhibitory activity of CC50 = 35.75 μM (≈12155 ng/mL) and EC50 = 7.39 μM (≈2512.6 ng/mL).ConclusionsThe comparison between the salivary CPC concentration and EC50/CC50 values from in vitro antiviral experiments suggests that CPC buccal tablets may inhibit SARS‐CoV‐2 activity, and the inhibition may last for approximately 30 min without cytotoxicity.

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New Insights Regarding the Use of Relevant Synthetic Compounds in Dentistry

Dumitrel,

Matichescu,

Dinu

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Worldwide, synthetic compounds are used for both in-office and at-home dental care. They are a valuable resource for both prophylactic and curative treatments for various dental problems, such as tooth decay, periodontal diseases, and many more. They are typically preferred due to their broad range of actions and ability to produce targeted, rapid, and long-lasting effects. Using a 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwash is capable of reducing the plaque index from 47.69% to 2.37% and the bleeding index from 32.93% to 6.28% after just 2 weeks. Mouthwash with 0.1% OCT is also highly effective, as it significantly lowered the median plaque index and salivary bacterial counts in 152 patients in 5 days compared to a control group (p < 0.0001), while also reducing the gingival index (p < 0.001). When povidone-iodine was used as an irrigant during the surgical removal of mandibular third molars in 105 patients, it resulted in notably lower pain scores after 2 days compared to a control group (4.57 ± 0.60 vs. 5.71 ± 0.45). Sodium hypochlorite is excellent for root canal disinfection, as irrigating with 1% NaOCl completely eliminated the bacteria from canals in 65% patients. A 0.05% CPC mouthwash proved effective for perioperative patient care, significantly decreasing gingival bleeding (p < 0.001) and suppressing Streptococcus levels even one week post-surgery. Lastly, a 6% H2O2 paint-on varnish and 6% H2O2 tray formulations successfully bleached the teeth of 40 patients, maintaining a noticeably whiter appearance up to the 6-month follow-up, with significant color differences from the baseline (p < 0.005). Synthetic compounds have a large research base, which also provides a greater awareness of their mechanism of action and potential adverse effects. For a better understanding of how they work, several methods and assays are performed. These are protocolary techniques through which a compound’s efficacy and toxicity are established.

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Cetylpyridinium Chloride-Containing Mouthwashes Show Virucidal Activity against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Cetylpyridinium chloride and chlorhexidine show antiviral activity against Influenza A virus and Respiratory Syncytial virus in vitro

Cetylpyridinium chloride and chlorhexidine show antiviral activity against Influenza A virus and Respiratory Syncytial virus in vitro

An exploratory study of drug concentration and inhibitory effect of cetylpyridinium chloride buccal tablets on SARS‐CoV‐2 infection among 10 Chinese subjects

New Insights Regarding the Use of Relevant Synthetic Compounds in Dentistry

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