Cesium-137 concentration of soils in Pest County, Hungary

The Use Of Pb-210 Isotope As An Indicator Of Pollutants’ Migration In The Environment

“…100 m 2 , 2. impurities removal, 3. air drying, storage in paper bags, 4. drying at 105ºC to constant mass, 5. mixing of subsamples, separation of subsample for measurement, 6. gamma spectrum measurement, subsample in Marinelli container 450 cm 3 . The measurement of radionuclide activity in soils samples was carried out by means of a gamma-spectrometer with a germanium detector HPGe (Canberra) of high resolution: 1.29 keV (FWHM) at 662 keV and 1.70 keV (FWHM) at 1332 keV.…”

“…The examples of monitoring studies include the assessment of the activity of caesium isotopes in surface soil in spatial terms [2][3][4][5].…”

“…Using the properties of radioactive isotopes, it is possible, for example, to generate electricity, test materials, diagnose and treat people. Radioisotopes are also used in environmental studies [1].Radioactive isotopes are used, inter alia, to study the mechanisms and dynamics of the processes in soil and plants , to determine the age of rocks, minerals, sediments and soil (eg C-14, U-238, U-235 and Th-232), to study the circulation of elements and their radioactive isotopes in the food chain and in the monitoring studies (natural isotopes, eg K-40, U-238, or artificial isotopes, [1].The examples of monitoring studies include the assessment of the activity of caesium isotopes in surface soil in spatial terms [2][3][4][5].Radioactive isotopes are also used in laboratory testing of processes under controlled conditions, which makes it possible to describe them and to assess the behavior in the environment. The use of these methods is presented, inter alia, in sample Australian studies 1 Independent Chair of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Opole University, ul.…”

Distribution of Cs-137 and dose rate investigation in the terrestrial environment of Jamaica

“…Cs-137 is carried to the surface of soils by various mechanisms including direct deposition (wet and dry) from the atmosphere, wash-off from vegetation, and deposition from water on floodplains and regions along the coast [5]. The Cs-137 concentration in soils has been shown to be highest in the uppermost layers of the soil (accounting for 78 percent in the 0-3 cm range) and decreases rapidly with depth showing no detectable concentration beyond 20 cm [25]. Specifically, the fall off with depth has been shown to be exponential with the smallest aggregate-size soil (<0.063 mm) giving the highest concentration of Cs-137 [24].…”

Cs-137 in the natural environment of the Gorce Mountains (Poland)

“…section Deposition of Cs-137 and [ 1 , 10 – 13 ]) and in its immediate vicinity (e.g. [ 2 , 3 ]) is well known, but there is a lack of detailed data pertaining to the level and distribution of this contamination in smaller areas, covering only several hundred square kilometres. Such investigations provide, on the one hand, information on the current distribution of the activity concentration, and on the other hand, may establish a point of reference in the future when dealing with the changes of this distribution in the course of time.…”