Cervicofacial Necrotising Fasciitis of Odontogenic Origin: A Review

N, Lambade Pravin

doi:10.4172/scientificreports.414

Cited by 4 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Necrotizing fasciitis is an aggressive soft tissue infection that can be polymicrobial or due to a single organism [ 1 , 2 , 11 , 64 ]. Multiple organisms as well as mixed infections have been reported to cause necrotizing fasciitis of odontogenic origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Odontogenic necrotizing fasciitis is often characterized by rapidly progressive bacterial infection along multiple fascial tissue planes, leading to vascular compromise, thrombosis, or rupture, along with necrosis of adipose, integumentary, muscular, and subcutaneous and cutaneous tissues. Preexisting immunosuppressive conditions such as diabetes mellitus may predispose patients to odontogenic necrotizing fasciitis, and may increase the mortality risk [ 1 , 2 , 11 , 64 ]. In the present study approximately 20% of patients were reported to have DM, and these patients were 9 times more likely to die from their odontogenic necrotizing fasciitis than non-diabetic patients ( p = 0.0001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Odontogenic necrotizing fasciitis: a systematic review of the literature

Gore

2018

BMC Ear Nose Throat Disord

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BackgroundWhile odontogenic soft tissue infections of the head and neck are common, progression to necrotizing fasciitis is relatively rare. Necrotizing fasciitis is a potentially life-threatening and rapidly progressive soft tissue infection that can lead to significant skin and soft tissue loss, mediastinitis, vascular thrombosis or rupture, limb loss, organ failure, and death.MethodsA PubMed literature search was conducted for case reports and case series on odontogenic necrotizing fasciitis. Individual patient data was analyzed and compiled and demographic, treatment, microbiology, and mortality data were extracted. Fisher’s exact test was used to examine the relationship between death from odontogenic necrotizing fasciitis and diabetes mellitus (DM) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positivity.ResultsA total of 58 studies totaling 164 patients were identified. Thirty-three patients had DM and 3 were HIV +. All patients underwent aggressive surgical debridement and treatment with IV antibiotics. Twenty patients were also treated with hyperbaric oxygen. There were 16 deaths reported, for a mortality rate of 9.8%. The mortality rate among patients with DM was 30.3 and 0% among HIV positive patients. There was a statistically significant increase in the mortality rate in DM patients with odontogenic necrotizing fasciitis (p = 0.0001, odds ratio for death 9.1).ConclusionsNecrotizing fasciitis arising from odontogenic infection is a rapidly progressive and life-threatening illness. Prompt recognition of the infection, aggressive and often serial surgical debridement, and aggressive broad-spectrum antibiotics are necessary to prevent serious morbidity and mortality. Patients with diabetes mellitus are at a significantly increased risk of death from odontogenic necrotizing fasciitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Odontogenic necrotizing fasciitis: a systematic review of the literature

Gore

2018

BMC Ear Nose Throat Disord

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“…The skin is generally red, swollen and tender, so NF cannot be distinguished from soft tissue infections such as cellulitis. Before developing necrosis, the infection enlarges in the subcutaneous tissues and may seem as a deep neck space abscess [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fetid odour is present every time which is a sign of dead tissue [12]. Crepitation is generally related to necrotizing infections, though its absence does not exclude NF [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An unusual infection of cervicofacial area caused by dental pathology: flesh-eating syndrome

Özdinç¹,

Ünlü²,

Oruç³

et al. 2015

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine

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“…[456] It is said to involve the fascia primarily and other subcutaneous tissues and skin secondarily. [1] Relative sparing of the muscle and bone is often observed though reports of bone involvement exist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical necrotizing fasciitis: A potentially fatal disease with varied etiology

Ibikunle

2016

Ann Med Health Sci Res

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Necrotizing fasciitis was recognized centuries ago by physicians. It is a rapidly progressive and potentially fatal soft-tissue infection that is typified by soft-tissue necrosis, especially affecting the subcutaneous tissues and fascia. Cervico-facial necrotizing fasciitis is said to be uncommon, but when it occurs, it is often of odontogenic origin and has severe consequences if not promptly treated. Possible underlying systemic diseases and the source of infection should be addressed and treated appropriately. We present two cases of extensive cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis, one of which was idiopathic in origin and the other with gross involvement of the chest and abdominal walls. Both were treated successfully. Immediate resuscitation of the patients, administration of empirical antibiotics, treatment of underlying systemic conditions and early, aggressive and serial debridement were the bedrock of management in these cases.

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Cervicofacial Necrotising Fasciitis of Odontogenic Origin: A Review

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

Odontogenic necrotizing fasciitis: a systematic review of the literature

Odontogenic necrotizing fasciitis: a systematic review of the literature

An unusual infection of cervicofacial area caused by dental pathology: flesh-eating syndrome

Cervical necrotizing fasciitis: A potentially fatal disease with varied etiology

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