Cervical Thymic Cyst with parathyroid tissue   a diagnostic conundrum

Gupta, Deepika; Kaushal, Darwin; Vedant, Deepak; Sharma, Rashim; Vishwajeet, Vikarn; Elhence, Poonam

doi:10.4322/acr.2021.361

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Nonetheless, there should also be a certain focus on genetic conditions, such as branchio-oto syndrome (BOS)/branchio-oto-renal syndrome (BORS), which is an autosomal dominant heterogeneous disorder uniting hearing impairment and abnormal phenotype of ears, accompanied by renal malformation and branchial cleft anomalies including cyst or fistula [ 28 ]. Sometimes, the coexistence of different pathology makes the diagnosis challenging, such being the recent case of a thymic lesion containing also parathyroid tissue [ 29 ].…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current approach to branchial remnants in the neck

Vrînceanu

Sajin²,

Dumitru³

et al. 2022

Rom J Morphol Embryol

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Congenital branchial fistulas and cysts are an interesting subject in cervical pathology. There are congenital malformations with late expression in young adults that require correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment. We review essential notions of cervical embryology to understand the mechanism of occurrence of these malformations and their clinical expression. The most common cases present vestiges from the second branchial arch, with the appearance of a cystic tumor or a fistulous orifice on the anterior edge of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, at the level of the hyoid bone. Performant imagery is mandatory for appropriate diagnosis, so we recommend a cervical computed tomography (CT) scan or cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate the relations with great vessels of the neck or other lesions. The treatment implies complete surgical excision because otherwise there is a high risk of recurrence of the lesion. The differential diagnosis includes cystic lymphangioma, dermoid cyst, tuberculous adenopathy, cystic hygroma, lateral cervical cystic metastases. Histological examination is mandatory for a definite diagnosis. Also, there is a small percentage of malignancy of these malformations, but it is very important to check that all the histological diagnostic criteria for a primary branchiogenic carcinoma are accomplished. Therefore, although it is a benign cystic cervical pathology, the diagnosis and treatment must be made very accurately for a complete cure, and this review aims to summarize the current approach to branchial remnants of the neck.

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Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sometimes, the coexistence of different pathology makes the diagnosis challenging, such being the recent case of a thymic lesion containing also parathyroid tissue [29].…”

Section: Figure 12 -Fibrous Wall With Inflammatory Infiltrate With St...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current approach to branchial remnants in the neck

Vrînceanu

Sajin²,

Dumitru³

et al. 2022

Rom J Morphol Embryol

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Enigmatic thymus: Variations in anatomical localisation of thymic tissue as an easily misdiagnosed congenital anomaly in surgical practice

Mayer,

Voller,

Varga

2024

World J Clin Cases

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We point out the issue of differential diagnosis regarding the finding of ectopically localised thymic tissue (a thymic cyst) in the neck. Thymic tissue can be found anywhere along its developmental tract of descent, from the angle of the mandible to the upper mediastinum. Disruption of the thymic descent can result in ectopically/abnormally localised islets of accessory thymic tissue, which may undergo cystic changes, as described in a case report by Sun et al . This anatomical variation of the thymus may be clinically misinterpreted as a neoplasm or other congenital anomalies as a branchial cyst, lymphatic malformation or cystic hygroma. The present editorial focuses on the challenge of establishing a diagnosis of ectopically localised tissue of thymus often presented as a lateral cervical mass, especially in the case of cystic variation/degeneration of this thymic tissue. We summarise hypotheses on the origin of such congenital cervical thymic cysts from the point of view of evolutionary history and embryology. We also discuss lesser-known facts about the anatomy, histopathology and developmental biology of the thymus as one of the most enigmatic organs in the human body.

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Cervical Thymic Cyst with parathyroid tissue a diagnostic conundrum

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

Current approach to branchial remnants in the neck

Current approach to branchial remnants in the neck

Enigmatic thymus: Variations in anatomical localisation of thymic tissue as an easily misdiagnosed congenital anomaly in surgical practice

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