Cervical spine involvement in rheumatoid arthritis — A systematic review

Joaquim, Andrei Fernandes; Appenzeller, Simone

doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2014.08.014

Cited by 91 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Many other terms are found in the medical literature and used as synonyms for cranial settling, including basilar impression or invagination, vertical subluxation, atlantoaxial impaction, and superior migration of the odontoid. 15 Lastly, cervical involvement in RA patients can also affect the subaxial cervical spine, defined as the segments from C-3 to C-7. The most common form of presentation is subaxial subluxation (SAS), with pain, radiculopathy or even myelopathy secondary to canal stenosis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Radiological evaluation of cervical spine involvement in rheumatoid arthritis

Af¹,

Ghizoni²,

Tedeschi³

et al. 2015

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Cervical spine involvement commonly occurs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), especially those with inadequate treatment or severe disease forms. The most common site affected by RA is the atlantoaxial joint, potentially resulting in atlantoaxial instability, with cervical pain and neurological deficits. The second most common site of involvement is the subaxial cervical spine, often with subluxation, resulting in nerve root or spinal cord compression. In this paper, the authors review the most commonly used plain radiographic criteria to diagnose cervical instabilities seen with RA. Finally, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of cervical CT and MRI in the setting of cervical involvement in RA.

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confidence: 99%

Radiological evaluation of cervical spine involvement in rheumatoid arthritis

Af¹,

Ghizoni²,

Tedeschi³

et al. 2015

FOC

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“…Some series reported cervical involvement in up to 50% of the patients [73][74][75]. Symptoms of cervical involvement can range from mild cervical pain to severe myelopathy [16]. Routine cervical spine screening is recommended, especially in patients with cervical symptoms or higher disease activity scores, the main risk factors for cervical instabilities [16].…”

Section: Spinal Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of spinal involvement in RA patients range according to many factors, such as differences among inclusion criteria in the studies, disease duration, clinical treatment performed, radiological modality for diagnosis, among others [15,16]. Some series reported cervical involvement in up to 50% of the patients [73][74][75].…”

Section: Spinal Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3) Joint and bone destruction leading to neural compression (e.g. cervical myelopathy symptoms caused by destruction of the atlanto-axial joints and subsequent atlantoaxial subluxation) or the presence of rheumatoid nodules compressing peripheral nerves [3,[15][16][17]. 4) Potential side effects of the medication used to obtain disease control, such as corticosteroids, disease modifying drugs (DMARDS) and biological agents (BA) [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuropsychiatric manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis

Joaquim

Appenzeller

2015

Autoimmunity Reviews

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“…Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease that can affect the cervical (c-) spine in up to 80% of the patients [1,2]. Although c-spine involvement in RA is often asymptomatic, uncontrolled high disease activity eventually becomes a major risk factor for future spinal instability [3].…”

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confidence: 99%