Cervical spine instability following axial compression injury: A biomechanical study

Ivancic, Paul C.

doi:10.1016/j.otsr.2013.10.015

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…The relative ROMs for the high eccentricity group are greater than those previously reported for compression and lateral impact injury mechanisms [31,34,42]. The relative ROMs for the low eccentricity group are within the range of those previously reported for compression-type fractures [30,31,42].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Cervical spine injuries and flexibilities following axial impact with lateral eccentricity

et al. 2014

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Cervical spine injuries and flexibilities following axial impact with lateral eccentricity

et al. 2014

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“…Biomechanical models of the neck validated for dynamic loading have been able to characterise the internal loading patterns and resulting kinematics of cervical vertebrae during impacts which is not achievable in vitro and in vivo. Computational investigations 28 have supported the theorised decoupling between externally observed head and neck kinematics and the internal dynamic response of the spine during axial loading injuries 15,16,19 . These have supported buckling over hyperflexion as the main injury mechanism under compressive impacts to the head 23,28 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Hyperflexion is unlikely to be the primary cervical spine injury mechanism in accidental head-on rugby tackling

Silvestros

Preatoni

Gill

et al. 2022

Preprint

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In Rugby a high proportion of catastrophic cervical spine injuries occur during tackling. In the injury prevention literature, there is still an open debate on the injury mechanisms related to such injuries, with hyperflexion and buckling being under scrutiny. The aims of this study were to determine the primary cervical spine injury mechanism during head-on rugby tackling, and evaluate the effect of tackling technique on cervical spine intervertebral loading. We conducted an in silico study to examine the dynamic response of the cervical spine under loading conditions representative of accidental head-on rugby tackles by using a subject-specific musculoskeletal model of a rugby player. The computer simulations were driven by experimental in vivo data of an academy rugby player tackling a punchbag, and in vitro data of head-first impacts using a dummy head. Results showed that: i) the earlier generation of high compression and anterior shear loads with low values of flexion moments provides evidence that hyperflexion is unlikely to be the primary injury mechanism in the sub-axial cervical spine (C3-C7) during central and posterior head impact locations; ii) a higher degree of neck flexion at impact poses the cervical spine in a more hazardous position. These findings provide objective evidence to inform injury prevention strategies or rugby law changes, with the final view of improving the safety of the game of rugby.

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“…In the aquatic injury group, there were 75 men (mean age, 37. 19 Complications included 9 (8.6%) infections, 6 (5.7%) cases of pneumonia/ atelectasis, 2 (1.9%) pre-hospital cardiac arrests (traumatic arrests, not due to occlusion of coronary arteries), 2 (1.9%) incidences of deep venous thrombosis, Complications included 12 (11.4%) infections, 9 (8.6%) retroperitoneal hematomas, 2 (1.9%) cases of pneumonia/ atelectasis, 1 (1.0%) pulmonary embolus, and 1 (1.0%) embolization. There were 23 (21.9%) concussions, of which 2 (1.9%) were significant closed-head hematomas.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] These include contact sporting activities, [16][17][18] motorized vehicle operation, and falls. 19 On coastal waters, a variety of recreational activities exist that carry a predisposition to spinal cord and other traumatic injuries. 20 These include surfing, personal motorized watercraft operation (ie, riding a wave-runner or boating), swimming, kayaking, and bodysurfing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Aquatic and Recreational Water Sport Injuries: A Case-Control Analysis

Kane¹,

Ong²,

Radcliff³

et al. 2015

Orthopedics

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The purposes of the current investigation are to evaluate the epidemiology of water sport injuries at a coastal tertiary trauma center and to determine the association of these activities with spinal column injury and to determine whether aquatic trauma injuries differ significantly from those that occur terrestrially. A retrospective review of a consecutive series of 105 patients with aquatic-based mechanisms of injury admitted to a Level II trauma center over a 3-year period, as well as a matched control cohort with terrestrial-based mechanisms of injury, was conducted. Patients were treated at a Level II trauma center from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2010. All patients received a full trauma work-up on arrival. Patients were identified retrospectively from a prospectively collected database (N=5298). Eligible patients were identified from billing/coding data as having mechanisms of injury related to an aquatic setting. Patients were evaluated using standard trauma protocols. Spinal column and cord injury occurrence and differences between groups were reviewed. Personal watercrafts accounted for the majority of injuries (n=39). Cervical (33.3%), closed-head (25.7%), and thoracolumbar (21.9%) injuries accounted for the majority of injury types. The cervical spinal column and the spinal cord were at an increased risk of injury in the aquatic injury cohort (P<.0001). The current data show the high incidence of spinal column and cord injuries in this patient population relative to controls. Practitioners who care for trauma patients near an aquatic environment should be aware of the high prevalence of these injuries, with proper spinal cord preservation protocols in place to optimize outcome.

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Cervical spine instability following axial compression injury: A biomechanical study

Abstract: Level IV, controlled laboratory investigation.

Cited by 16 publications

References 31 publications

Cervical spine injuries and flexibilities following axial impact with lateral eccentricity

Cervical spine injuries and flexibilities following axial impact with lateral eccentricity

Hyperflexion is unlikely to be the primary cervical spine injury mechanism in accidental head-on rugby tackling

Epidemiology of Aquatic and Recreational Water Sport Injuries: A Case-Control Analysis

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