Cervical spine abnormalities associated with Down syndrome

Ali, Fawzi E.; Al-Bustan, Mahmoud; Al-Busairi, Waleed A.; Al-Mulla, Fatema A; Esbaita, Emad Y.

doi:10.1007/s00264-005-0070-y

Cited by 88 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Musculoskeletal abnormalities are common in adults with DS [Srikanth et al, 2011], and age-related increases are definitely seen earlier than in the typically developing population [Ali et al, 2006;Hawli et al, 2009;Steingass et al, 2011]. For example, osteoporosis is seen in approximately 50% of adults with DS [Steingass et al, 2011].…”

Section: Musculoskeletalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical aging in down syndrome

Zigman

2013

Dev Disabil Res Revs

218

187

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At present, there may be over 210,000 people with Down syndrome (DS) over the age of 55 in the United States (US) who have significant needs for augmented services due to circumstances related to ordinary and/or pathological aging. From 1979 through 2003, the birth prevalence of DS rose from 9.0 to 11.8 (31.1%) per 10,000 live births in 10 representative US regions. This increase, largely due to women conceiving after age 35, portends an ever-growing population of people with DS who may be subject to pathogenic aging. Whereas Trisomy 21 is one of the most widespread genetic causes of intellectual disability (ID), it still is one of the least understood of all genetic ID syndromes. While longevity in people with DS has improved appreciably in as modest a period as 30 years, age-specific risk for mortality still is considerably increased compared both with other people with ID or with the typically developing population. The penetrance of the phenotype is widely distributed, even though a consistent genotype is assumed in 95% of the cases. Some, but not all body systems, exhibit signs of premature or accelerated aging. This may be due to both genetic and epigenetic inheritance. We now know that the long-term outcome for people with DS is not as ominous as once contemplated; a number of people with DS are living into their late 60s and 70s with few if any major signs of pathogenic aging. Alzheimer's disease (AD), a devastating disease that robs a person of their memory, abilities and personality, is particularly common in elder adults with DS, but is not a certainty as originally thought, some 20% to 30% of elder adults with DS might never show any, or at most mild signs of AD. DS has been called a mature well-understood syndrome, not in need of further research or science funding. We are only beginning to understand how epigenetics affects the phenotype and it may be feasible in the future to alter the phenotype through epigenetic interventions. This chapter is divided into two sections. The first section will review typical and atypical aging patterns in somatic issues in elder adults with DS; the second section will review the multifaceted relationship between AD and DS.

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Section: Musculoskeletalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical aging in down syndrome

Zigman

2013

Dev Disabil Res Revs

218

187

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“…The period of maturation tends to be shorter in individuals with Down syndrome. 12,15,17 And the method of Eklöf & Ringertz, statistically significant differences between female and male, it is noted that there is a strong difference between bone age and chronological accentuate it, both for females and for males.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis between Three Methods of Bone Estimating Age in Individuals with Down Syndrome by Mode of the Hand and Wrist Ray

Santos¹,

Castilho²,

Pinto³

et al. 2013

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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The wrist and hand region has been the most commonly used for estimating age and osseous development due to the great number of ossification centers. The aim was to determine which method, Tanner & Whitehouse's (TW3), Greulich & Pyle's (GP) or Eklof & Ringertz's, more closely relates to the chronological age in subjects with Down syndrome with chronological ages between 61 and 180 months, using wrist and hand radiographs. The sample consisted of 85 radiographs, 52 of males and 33 of females. Eklof & Ringertz's method was computerized (Radiomemory). Greulich & Pyle's atlas was used and compared with the wrist and hand radiographs. For the TW3 method, 13 ossification centers were evaluated; for each one of them, there are seven or eight development stages to which scores are assigned; these scores are then added and the results are transformed into osseous age values. No statistically significant differences were observed between the male and female genders for methods TW3 and GP, contrasting with the observed differences for the Eklof & Ringertz method. Correlation (r2) between osseous and chronological ages was 0.8262 for TW3 and 0.7965 for GP, while for the method of Eklof & Ringertz, it was 0.7656 for females and 0.8353 for males. The author concluded that the osseous age assessment method that better related to the chronological age was the TW3, followed by Greulich & Pyle's and Eklof & Ringertz's. How to cite this article de Araújo dos Santos LR, de Melo Castilho JC, Pinto SCS, Borges AH, Tonetto MR, Lima DM, Bandéca MC, dos Santos da Silva MA. Comparative Analysis between Three Methods of Bone Estimating Age in Individuals with Down Syndrome by Mode of the Hand and Wrist Ray. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(1):4-8.

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“…The more common causes include trauma,3 congenital defects4 5 and connective tissue disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis 6. Adjacent neck infections can be associated with laxity of the transverse atlantal ligament, particularly in children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An infected branchial cyst complicated by retropharyngeal abscess, cervical osteomyelitis and atlanto-axial subluxation

Bullock

Soares

James³

2010

Case Reports

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SummaryWe present a case of a 44-year-old man who visited his general practitioner for recurrent neck swelling, which was found to be a neck abscess. It was aspirated, later recurred, and then surgically excised. Histology was consistent with an infected branchial cyst. Eight months after discharge, the patient presented with a history of progressive neck pain and stiffness and eventually bilateral upper limb weakness. MRI demonstrated a prevertebral abscess complicated by cervical osteomyelitis and atlanto-axial instability. The abscess was drained and appropriate antibiotic treatment was administered. The patient responded well with full recovery of his upper limb strength and resolution of the abscess. However, he had mild persistent neck stiffness. BACKGROUND

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Cervical spine abnormalities associated with Down syndrome

Cited by 88 publications

References 22 publications

Atypical aging in down syndrome

Atypical aging in down syndrome

Comparative Analysis between Three Methods of Bone Estimating Age in Individuals with Down Syndrome by Mode of the Hand and Wrist Ray

An infected branchial cyst complicated by retropharyngeal abscess, cervical osteomyelitis and atlanto-axial subluxation

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