Cervical Mucus Penetration in Vitro by Fresh and Frozen-Preserved Human Semen Specimens

Fjällbrant, Bo; Ackerman, D. R.

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0200515

Cited by 37 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…However, the rate of pregnancies resulting from thawed semen has been lower than the rate of pregnancies from fresh semen [4]. Reasons for the differences between the pregnancy rates of fresh and thawed semen include ultrastructural changes [ 131, decreased cervical mucus penetrability [8,21], and reduced postthaw motility [2, 171.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motility Characteristics of Human Sperm, Nonfrozen and Cryopreserved

Keel¹,

Karow²

1980

Archives of Andrology

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Ejaculates (1651) obtained by masturbation from 88 donors were evaluated for count, motility, and kinetics. After the initial evaluation the ejaculates were frozen inliquid nitrogen, thawed 24 hr later, and assessed for postthaw motility and kinetics. The ejaculates were then divided into seventeen groups according to sperm count and evaluated to determine if direct relationships exist between prefreeze and thawed seemen characteristics. The average sperm count was 151 X lofi sperdml. The freezing process resulted in a reduction of motility from a mean of 85% to a mean of 52%. Postthaw motility increased with sperm count up to 120 x lofi sperdml where there appeared to be no further effect. Linear regression analysis demonstrated a high correlation between prefreeze motility and postthaw motility ( r = 0.947). Cryopreservation of human spermatozoa results in a significant reduction of motility. A direct relationship exists between prefreeze and postthaw motility and prefreeze motility may be an important factor in evaluating the potential of an ejaculate to withstand cryopreservation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motility Characteristics of Human Sperm, Nonfrozen and Cryopreserved

Keel¹,

Karow²

1980

Archives of Andrology

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“…After a survey of the literature, Richardson (1975) concluded that frozen-thawed human semen is 15-25 % less fertile than fresh semen. Freezing and thawing causes a reduction in percentage motility (Beck & Silverstein, 1975), a reduced ability to penetrate cervical mucus (Fjällbrant & Ackerman, 1969;Ulstein, 1973), and a reduced survival time in the female tract (Behrman, 1971). There also seems to be an impairment of oxidative metabolism (Ackerman, 1968;Guérin & Czyba, 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural injury to human spermatozoa after freezing and thawing

Woolley¹,

Richardson²

1978

Reproduction

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The ultrastructure of human spermatozoa at various stages of the freezing and thawing process was studied. In addition to conventional fixations, a freeze-substitution method was used to examine spermatozoa before they were thawed. Dilution in a glycerol-egg yolk-citrate medium caused slight swelling of the acrosome. During slow freezing, when large ice crystals grow in the diluent, the sperm plasmalemma became tighter, the mitochondria had more angular profiles and there was a reduction in electron density of the acrosomal contents. After thawing, the apical segment of the acrosome usually became swollen and the mitochondria appeared rounded. We deduce that these ultrastructural changes occur either during or after the thawing procedure.

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“…Cryopreservation of human spermatozoa can affect a number of parameters, such as sperm motility (Englert et al ., 1989; Yoshida et al ., 1990), their penetration into cervical mucus (Fjallbrant & Ackerman, 1969; Weidel & Prins, 1987), the acrosomal structure (Alexander, 1977; Wooley & Richardson, 1978; Mahadevan & Trounson, 1984; Cross & Hanks, 1991), and the activity of acrosin (Mack & Zaneveld, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between freezing agent and acrosome damage of human spermatozoa from subnormal and normal semen

et al. 2001

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This experimental study compares the effects of human sperm preservation medium (HSPM) with TEST-yolk buffer (TYB) as cryoprotectants of human spermatozoa with respect to the integrity of the acrosome after the freeze-thawing procedure. Fifty-six semen samples were included in this study; 18 were subnormal (G1) and 38 were normal (G2) based on World Health Organization criteria, except for morphology, which was evaluated according to strict criteria. Each semen sample was divided into two parts: the first part was prepared for cryopreservation by the addition of HSPM (1:1) and the second by addition of TYB (1:1). Freezing was performed in liquid nitrogen vapour. Smears were made before freezing and after the thawing process for evaluation of acrosome integrity using fluorescent-lectin labelling. The mean percentage of spermatozoa with intact acrosomes in the subnormal group was 77.0 +/- 7.2% before freezing and decreased significantly (P < 0.001) after thawing: to 63.7 +/- 8.2% with the use of HSPM and 66.8 +/- 8.7% with the use of TYB. The corresponding values in the normal semen samples were 83.4 +/- 9.2%, 76.0 +/- 8.8% and 77.9 +/- 9.2%, respectively. It is obvious that the decrease in the mean percentage of spermatozoa with intact acrosome was significantly higher when using HSPM in comparison with TYB, not only for G1 (-14.9 +/- 1.9% versus -11.8 +/- 1.4%) but also for G2 samples (-13.8 +/- 1.5% versus -11.9 +/- 1.3%). In conclusion, TYB should be recommended for freeze-thawing of human spermatozoa as the first-choice cryoprotectant, for normal as well as subnormal semen samples, in order to protect the sperm acrosome from the deleterious effects of the freeze-thawing procedure.

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Cervical Mucus Penetration in Vitro by Fresh and Frozen-Preserved Human Semen Specimens

Cited by 37 publications

References 2 publications

Motility Characteristics of Human Sperm, Nonfrozen and Cryopreserved

Motility Characteristics of Human Sperm, Nonfrozen and Cryopreserved

Ultrastructural injury to human spermatozoa after freezing and thawing

Association between freezing agent and acrosome damage of human spermatozoa from subnormal and normal semen

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