Cervical leukorrhea is correlated with bacterial vaginosis

Thulkar, Jyoti; Kriplani, Alka; Agarwal, Nutan

doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.11.008

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The highest number of BV positive cases were noted in the age group of 24-35Yrs (44.16%). This agrees with previous studies, who reported that vaginal infections commonly occur in women of reproductive age i.e between 25-30 years[16]. Changes in structure and composition of vaginal ecosystem maybe influenced by age, infections, methods of birth control by using contraceptives, frequency of sexual activities and number of sexual partners[15].…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence and diagnosis of bacterial Vaginosis in tertiary care teaching hospital

Farheen

Humera

2017

Trop J Pathol Microbiol

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Introduction: Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginal discharge among women in reproductive age. The normal flora of the vagina varies from person to person, but lactobacilli are usually the preponderant organism. Bacterial flora also contains other aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. Some of these are considered to be pathogenic. It is recognized that, bacterial vaginosis may be associated with pelvic inflammatory disease, preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PROM), post operative gynaecologic infections and abnormal Papanicolaou smear. Objective: 1) to find the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis. 2). To find the most cost effective reliable method for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. Method: A total of 360 consecutive women with complaints of vaginal discharge were considered for the study. The study was undertaken from January 2015 till June 2016 at KBN medical college and hospital, Gulbarga, Karnataka. BV was diagnosed based on Amsel's composite criteria and Nugent's scoring system. pH was determined, Whiff amine test for the presence of fishy odor and the presence of the clue cells on vaginal smear were observed. Gram staining was performed for Nugent's method. Result: Prevalence of BV was 44.16%. Most common affected age group was between 24-35 years. Routinely a combination of various methods are used for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV), although nugent criterion is considered as the gold standard method The prevalence rate of BV in present study was high. Conclusion: With limited resources in developing countries, there is a great need for inexpensive diagnostic methods for bacterial vaginosis. Amsel's criteria is as good as Nugent's scoring in diagnosis of BV and it is simple, easy, cost effective, fast and reliable, and can be done in OPD which can be used for precise and fast treatment.

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supporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence and diagnosis of bacterial Vaginosis in tertiary care teaching hospital

Farheen

Humera

2017

Trop J Pathol Microbiol

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“…Faktor risiko penyebabnya antara lain perilaku yang tidak higienis, perawatan yang tidak tepat selama menstruasi, perilaku berganti ganti pasangan, dan penggunaan kontrasepsi. 4 Dari data diatas vaginitis menempati urutan ke 13 dari 20 besar penyakit di RSUP DR Sardjito dari bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember tahun 2014, sedangkan penyakit vagina noninflamasi menempati urutan ke 10.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Hubungan Pemakaian Alat Kontrasepsi Dalam Rahim (AKDR) Non Hormonal dengan Kejadian Vaginitis

Sari¹,

Prawitasari²,

Attamimi³

2018

Jurnal Kespro

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Background: Colonies of microorganism in reproductive normal women vaginal is influenced by several factors. Changes in the composition of these factors cause of some problems such as infection and inflammation. The use of intrauterine devices could be expected to lead to vaginitis.Objective: To determine whether the use of intrauterine device increase the incidence of vaginitis, either by Bacterial Vaginosis (BV), Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC), and Trichomonas Vaginalis (TV) .Method: Cross Sectional Study on the differences incidence of vaginitis in intrauterine device user and hormonal user.Result and Discussion: At the intrauterine devices and hormonal contraception users, there are significant difference incidence of BV (OR 10,11;95% CI 1,80-56,78) ; p=0,009 (p<0,05) dan VVC (OR 29,78 (1,64-2540,69); p=0,022 (p<0,05), but not TV (OR 3,68;95% CI 0,11-117,63); p=0,460 (p>0,05).Conclusions: The use of an intrauterine device increase the incidence BV and VVC but not TV.Keywords: Intrauterine Device; Hormonal Contraception; Vaginitis

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“…Symptomatic vaginal discharge is caused by inflammation due to infection of the vaginal mucosa. It occurs in 1-14% of all women in Manuscript received: 25 th June 2017 Reviewed: 5 th July 2017 Author Corrected: 14 th July 2017 Accepted for Publication: 20 th July 2017 the reproductive age group and the prevalence of vaginal discharge in India is estimated to be 30% [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory PAP smears and its microbiological association: A prospective study

Adlekha¹,

Chadha²

2017

Trop J Pathol Microbiol

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Background: Non specific inflammatory PAP smears are common and cause clinical dilemma in management of patient. Microbiological methods are more accurate method of diagnosis of pathogens of female genital tract. Materials and Methods: A total of 252 PAP smears and vaginal swabs of nonpregnant women referred to the laboratory, constituted the material of the study. Results: Pap smears showed high predictive values, comparable to microbiological testing in detection of pathogens. Apart from inflammatory pattern, a spectrum of diagnosis was given, based on cytological criteria. Majority of the PAP smears in which pathogens were detected, showed significant inflammation. Bacterial vaginosis constitutes the most common cause of vaginal discharge, followed by Trichomoniasis and then Candidiasis in our set up. Pap smears also revealed that 7 out of 252 cases were having various grades of cervical dysplasia. Conclusions: A report of inflammatory changes on the cervical Pap smear cannot be used to reliably predict the presence of a genital tract infection. Combination of PAP smear and simple, cost effective microbiological tests, coupled with primary clinical diagnosis lead to significant improvement in patient management.

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Cervical leukorrhea is correlated with bacterial vaginosis

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Prevalence and diagnosis of bacterial Vaginosis in tertiary care teaching hospital

Prevalence and diagnosis of bacterial Vaginosis in tertiary care teaching hospital

Hubungan Pemakaian Alat Kontrasepsi Dalam Rahim (AKDR) Non Hormonal dengan Kejadian Vaginitis

Inflammatory PAP smears and its microbiological association: A prospective study

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