Cervical dysphagia: Pharyngeal protrusions and achalasia

Pharyngoceles: A photo‐anatomic study and novel management

“…[23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Ettman and Ramey (1967) and Schwartz et al (1981) provided description of the area complete with mention of the internal superior laryngeal nerve, but no diagram or discussion of intraluminal anatomy. 23,25 Atkinson (1952) included a well-labeled picture of a cadaveric pharyngeal specimen, but did not discuss intraluminal anatomy. Giovanellio (1970) and Ward (1963) each provided well-labeled diagrams, but only the Ward article included an albeit rudimentary diagram of intraluminal anatomy complete with illustration of the piriform sinus.…”

“…Of the other articles, four describe the area in even less detail, 1,2,5,19,22 and five articles have more in depth description of the anatomy. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Ettman and Ramey (1967) and Schwartz et al (1981) provided description of the area complete with mention of the internal superior laryngeal nerve, but no diagram or discussion of intraluminal anatomy. 23,25 Atkinson (1952) included a well-labeled picture of a cadaveric pharyngeal specimen, but did not discuss intraluminal anatomy.…”

“…Of the other articles, four describe the area in even less detail, and five articles have more in depth description of the anatomy . Ettman and Ramey (1967) and Schwartz et al (1981) provided description of the area complete with mention of the internal superior laryngeal nerve, but no diagram or discussion of intraluminal anatomy .…”

Endoscopic Management of Lateral Pharyngeal Pouch

“…Clinical manifestations may include régurgitation of undigested food, throat irritation, hoarseness, and worsening pulmonary symptoms. 4 However, many patients remain asymptomatic. Diagnosis is demonstrated with barium swallow study.…”

“…External diverticulectomy has been performed for a patient with a true lateral pharyngeal diverticulum. 4 Endoscopie stapling represents a new technique for treatment of the symptomatic lateral pharyngeal pouch. Division of the common wall forms a widemouthed communication between the pouch and the pharynx.…”