Cervical CT derived neck fat tissue distribution differences in Japanese males and females and its effect on retroglossal and retropalatal airway volume

Abstract

Objective-To investigate the difference of neck fat tissue distribution by sex and its correlation with retropalatal and retroglossal airway.Study Design-38 consecutive patients (Male:19;Female:19) who received a CT scan were compared in the retroglossal region and at the narrowest cross-section of the airway. Retroglossal fat tissue volume (FV) was segmented with Amira software and separated into subcutaneous and internal fat volume (SFV, IFV). These volumes were normalized by retroglossal neck volume (NV).Results-Men had 51.9% more IFV/NV and 64.4% less SFV/NV compared to the women. Ageadjusted BMI was negatively correlated with retroglossal airway volume (normalized by NV) and with the lateral width of the smallest cross-section airway (LW) in females. In males the IFV/NV was negatively correlated with LW, after adjusting for BMI and age.Conclusion-Upper airway collapsibility analysis is needed to rule out whether increased BMI or IFV causes an increase in airway collapsibility.

Neck Circumference and Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus over 10 Years in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES)

“…Systemic free fatty acid concentrations are primarily determined by upper-body subcutaneous fat 10 . Although there is no investigational study that compares the amount of free fatty acids from neck subcutaneous fat with abdominal subcutaneous fat, the fat amount in the neck area can be substantial according to the result of a study that measured fat volume around the neck using a computed tomography (CT) 11 . Much evidence suggests that an increase of circulating free fatty acid levels is associated with insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism 12 .…”

Parapharyngeal fat pad area at the subglosso-supraglottic level is associated with corresponding lateral wall collapse and apnea-hypopnea index in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot study

“…Nevertheless, there is currently no consensus on anatomical reference points/levels of the pharyngeal region to measure parapharyngeal fat pad areas. For example, the internal fat volume of the retroglossal neck has been associated with the lateral width of the smallest cross-section of the retropalatal airway 19 . In addition, an increase in retropalatal/retroglossal parapharyngeal fat pad volume has been associated with an increased likelihood of representing the concentric type of retropalatal collapse determined by drug-induced sleep endoscopy 2 .…”

An analysis of Asian midfacial fat thickness according to age group using computed tomography

“…A fat tissue was defined as an area of a pixel between À200 HU and À50 HU. 7,10 The three-planar measurement of midfacial fat Facial fat is thought to be a key component of facial appearance and is known to change with aging. For an evaluation of the alteration of midfacial fat, it is easy to misunderstand measuring the volume of each compartment to be the best way.…”

“…7e9 Moreover, adipose tissues have a specific range of Hounsfield unit (HU), which allows for the adipose tissue to be distinguished from soft tissue. 7,9,10 CT enables a reproducible depiction of facial fat and reveals changes with aging. Therefore, a serial analysis of facial CT images can show the process of change with aging.…”