“…Moreover, they are closely linked to automata theory [21]. There exist various types of graphs, including but not limited to commuting graphs of groups [4,11,17], power graphs of semigroups [12,23], groups [22], intersection power graphs of groups [6], enhanced power graphs of groups [1,7,24], and comaximal subgroup graphs [15]. These graphs have been established to explore the properties of algebraic structures using graph theory.…”