Cerium Oxide Nanoparticle-Loaded Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogel Wound-Healing Patch with Free Radical Scavenging Activity

Abstract

Nonhealing wounds in diabetic patients are a critical challenge, which often cause amputation and mortality. High levels of oxidative stress and aberrations in antioxidant defense mechanisms increase the adverse manifestations of diabetes mellitus. In this study, we developed a biodegradable gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel patch incorporated with cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) for promoting diabetic wound healing. The patches were thoroughly characterized for the morphology, physicomechanical properties, free radical scavenging activity, in vitro cell proliferation, and in vivo diabetic wound healing activity. Highly porous and biodegradable patches showed excellent exudate uptake capacity as evident from the many-fold weight gain (400–700 times) when placed in aqueous medium. Results of free radical scavenging assays clearly indicated that the patches loaded with 1–4% w/w CONPs could effectively inactivate experimentally generated free radicals. Obtained results of in vitro cell culture studies clearly indicated that CONP-incorporated patches could favor the proliferation of skin-associated cells such as keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Results of the wound healing study showed that 1% w/w CONP-loaded patches could effectively improve the healing of wounds in diabetic rats. Overall results indicate that CONP-loaded GelMA hydrogels are highly promising materials for developing clinically relevant patches for treating diabetic wounds.

Development of Tannin-bridged Cerium Oxide Microcubes-chitosan Cryogel as a Multifunctional Wound Dressing

“…It can be seen that the diffraction peaks of CeO 2 appeared at 2θ of 28.59, 33.15, 47.64, 56.51, 59.23, 69.49, and 76.77°, which were assigned to the Miller indices (111), ( 200), ( 220), (311), ( 222), (400), (331), (420), and (422), respectively, matching with the cubic phase of CeO 2 (JCPDS #89-8436) [15,17]. For CS, a broad peak at 2θ = 20.37° showed up, which was attributed to the amorphous state of chitosan [37].…”

“…Ceria (cerium oxide, CeO 2 ) nanoparticles have demonstrated e cient ROS scavenge and cell protecting ability against oxidative stress due to the reversible transition between the reduced (Ce 3+ ) and oxidized (Ce 4+ ) states of cerium ions on the particle surface [15,16]. Recently, it has been reported that CeO 2 nanoparticles could accelerate wound healing by promoting cell proliferation and vascularization [17]. However, pure CeO 2 nanoparticles have a dose toxicity, that is to say, high concentrations of CeO 2 nanoparticles would bring cytotoxicity [18,19].…”

ROS-Eliminating Carboxymethyl Chitosan Hydrogel to Enhance Burn Wound-Healing Efficacy

“…Then the hydrogel sample was frozen and lyophilized to weigh again (dry weight), and the formula for determining the swelling ratio is given in Eq. 1 ( Augustine et al, 2021 ; Balakrishnan et al, 2005 ). …”

Antioxidant Therapy and Antioxidant-Related Bionanomaterials in Diabetic Wound Healing

“…The SOD-loaded hydrogel promoted healing of diabetic wounds by accelerating re-epithelialization and increasing collagen deposition. Similarly, Augustine et al (2021) developed a biodegradable gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel patch incorporated with cerium oxide nanoparticles, which showed adequate exudate uptake capacity, effective free radical scavenging activity and capacity to establish a suitable microenvironment for cell proliferation in the wound healing of diabetic rats. Likewise, Alginate hydrogels have been particularly promising for use in wound healing owing to their good biocompatibility and ease of gelation ( Lee and Mooney, 2012 ).…”