Cerium‐initiated grafting of acrylonitrile onto cellulosic materials

Abstract

synopsisGrafting of acrylonitrile onto native cotton, swollen cotton, viscose, ramie, and hydrocellulose was studied with tetravalent cerium as initiator. The effect of temperature on the graft yields is examined. With ceric ammonium nitrate the grafting yields are found to be higher at 20 and 40 than at 60°C. Ceric ammonium sulfate, on the other hand, produces more grafting at 60 than at 20 and 40°C. The consumption of ceric ions is less, whereas the per cent graft yields are higher for the swollen cottons and viscose than for native cotton. Graft yields are shown to be related to substrate accessibility if the grafting reaction is carried out under conditions that suppress homopolymerization.

Graft copolymerization of vinyl monomers with modified cotton. II. Grafting of acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate on acetylated cotton

“…This is again, in full agreement with previous results. l 4 Data for Ce(1V) consumption during grafting and oxidation of acetylated cotton and the control with CAS and CAN a t 30") 40") and 60°C are given in Table 11. The consumption is expressed as mmole Ce(IV)/lOO g a Ce(1V) concentration = 0.0144; monomer = 1 g; cellulose = 1 g; liquor ratio = 30.…”

Influence of dimethyl sulfoxide on the kinetics of the graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile onto the jute fibers initiated by ceric ion

“…This type of observation has also been reported by Hebeish and Mehta. 4 The percentage of grafting was calculated on dry weight, determined by storing the materials in weighing bottles over P20, at room temperature in a vacuum desiccator until a constant weight is obtained. Percentage of graft yield, rate of grafting, and the percentage efficiency were calculated as follows: …”

Fabrication of asymmetrically superhydrophobic cotton fabrics via mist copolymerization of 2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl methacrylate

“…As shown in Scheme , the superhydrophobic cotton surface was prepared through two steps. The first step was to introduce radical initiators to the cotton fibers via the oxidation reaction of ACN to the 2,3‐diol of the cellulose units as the early report about radical graft polymerizations on cellulose . The second step was to induce an in situ polymerization on the activated surface by feeding mist stream of the mixed monomer solution.…”