Ceres: Sulfur deposits and graphitized carbon

Hendrix, Amanda; Vilas, F.; Li, Jian‐Yang

doi:10.1002/2016gl070240

Cited by 38 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Though not a unique interpretation, such a component could result from aromatic organic carbon deposits being widespread across Ceres. Ground‐based UV spectra are also consistent with the presence of graphite (aromatic carbon) on Ceres (Hendrix et al, ), further supporting the possible presence of a widespread carbon component. Additionally, reflectance spectra of carbonate minerals exhibit absorptions near 3.4 μm that overlap aliphatic absorptions, and abundant carbonates could mask the presence of lesser amounts of aliphatic compounds.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

New Constraints on the Abundance and Composition of Organic Matter on Ceres

Kaplan

Milliken

Alexander

2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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Near‐infrared reflectance spectra from the Dawn mission at Ceres were recently found to exhibit a 3.4 μm absorption indicative of the presence of aliphatic organic compounds. Constraints on abundance and composition of these organics are necessary to inform discussions of their origin. We model reflectance spectra of organic‐bearing regions on Ceres using laboratory spectra of insoluble organics of known composition extracted from terrestrial sedimentary rocks (i.e., kerogens) and carbonaceous chondrite meteorites (i.e., insoluble organic matter, IOM). The 3.4 μm aliphatic organic absorptions observed in Dawn near‐infrared data are stronger than those observed in lab spectra of carbonaceous chondrites, and modeling requires 45% to 65% spectral fraction of IOM to fit spectra from Ceres. The spectral fraction of kerogen necessary to fit the same Ceres spectra ranges from 5% to 15% depending on the hydrogen to carbon ratio of the kerogen. Any proposed mechanism of organic delivery or formation on Ceres should explain the presence of highly concentrated IOM or why the composition is distinct from meteorite‐derived IOM if lower organic abundances are considered more plausible.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

New Constraints on the Abundance and Composition of Organic Matter on Ceres

Kaplan

Milliken

Alexander

2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Enceladus icy moon Plume jets 0~8.5 -9 High velocity jets > 0.5 90-99% H2O, ≤0.61-4.27% N2, 0.3-5.3% CO2, 0.1-1.68% CH4, 0.4-0.9% NH3, 0.4-39% H2, trace amounts of hydrocarbons; high mass organic cations, silicates, sodium, potassium, carbonates Gioia et al, 2007;Glein et al, 2015;Holm et al, 2015;Hsu et al, 2015;Postberg et al, 2009Postberg et al, , 2018Taubner et al, 2018;Waite et al, 2009;Zolotov et al, 2011 Baland et al, 2014;Brassé et al, 2017;Cordier et al, 2017;de Kok et al, 2007;Fulchignoni et al, 2005;Jennings et al, 2016;Mastrogiuseppe et al, 2014;McKay, 2016;Mitchell and Lora, 2016;Mitri et al, 2014;Norman, 2011;Sohl et al, 2014 Fanale and Salvail, 1989;Hayne and Aharonson, 2015;Hendrix et al, 2016;Küppers et al, 2014; Surface (-157--30) n 9.7-11.3 n nr <10 n Surface clays; (Mg, Ca)-carbonates; (Mg, NH4)-phyllosilicates; Fe-rich clays; salt deposits ; chloride salts; water-rock interactions; brucite and magnetite; sulfur species and graphitized carbon ; localized Na-carbonates (e.g.,Na2CO3), NH4Cl, NH4HCO3…”

Section: Future Directions and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living at the Extremes: Extremophiles and the Limits of Life in a Planetary Context

Merino¹,

Aronson²,

Bojanova³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Prokaryotic life has dominated most of the evolutionary history of our planet, evolving tooccupy virtually all available environmental niches. Extremophiles, especially those thrivingunder multiple extremes, represent a key area of research for multiple disciplines, spanningfrom the study of adaptations to harsh conditions, to the biogeochemical cycling of elements.Extremophile research also has implications for origin of life studies and the search for life onother planetary and celestial bodies. In this article, we will review the current state ofknowledge for the biospace in which life operates on Earth and will discuss it in a planetarycontext, highlighting knowledge gaps and areas of opportunity.

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“…Only the small crater Tawals (Figure ) shows a blue slope and a lower albedo than the surroundings. The lower albedo possibly implies a higher concentration of a visually dark, possibly carbon‐rich surface compound [ Hendrix et al ., ] in the crater material, supporting that the blue slope might not be connected to the actual composition. However, increasing grain size and/or abundance of amorphous/poorly crystalline material have also been discussed leading to a bluer slope [ Cloutis et al ., ].…”

Section: Comparison To Other Planetary Objects and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of the bluish material on Ceres

Stephan

Jaumann

Krohn

et al. 2017

Geophysical Research Letters

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The dwarf planet Ceres shows spatially well‐defined regions, which exhibit a negative (blue) spectral slope between 0.5 and 2.5 µm. Comparisons with planetary bodies known to exhibit a blue slope and spectral properties of materials identified on Ceres's surface based on infrared wavelength signatures indicate that the spectral changes could be related to physical properties of the surface material rather than variations in its composition. The close association of bluish surface regions to fresh impact craters implies a possible relationship to an impact‐triggered alteration and/or space weathering processes. The bluish regions could be linked with blankets of ultrafine grains and partly amorphous phyllosilicates, which form larger agglomerates due to the sticky behavior of impact‐induced phyllosilicate dust and/or the amorphization of the ejecta material during the impact process. Space weathering processes (micrometeoritic impacts, temperature changes) cause a reversal of the agglutination process and a recrystallization of the surface material with time resulting in a reddening of the spectral slope.

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Ceres: Sulfur deposits and graphitized carbon

Cited by 38 publications

References 37 publications

New Constraints on the Abundance and Composition of Organic Matter on Ceres

New Constraints on the Abundance and Composition of Organic Matter on Ceres

Living at the Extremes: Extremophiles and the Limits of Life in a Planetary Context

An investigation of the bluish material on Ceres

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