CERES-Maize Predictions of Maize Phenology under Nitrogen-Stressed Conditions in Nigeria

Gungula, D. T.; Kling, J. G.; Togun, A. O.

doi:10.2134/agronj2003.0892

Cited by 54 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…Irrigation was suspended in ws treatments at 56 DAS and restarted at 74 DAS during grain filling at the end of the rains and of grain filling occuring solely under residual moisture. That is why it is generally accepted that annual plants flower and mature earlier to avoid late-season water stress (Thies et al 1995;Dorn et al 2000;Gungula et al 2003). In contrast to previous findings, the data from our first trial show that genotypes sensitive to low P had a larger delay in flowering under LP.…”

Section: Flowering Delaycontrasting

confidence: 98%

Tolerant pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) varieties to low soil P have higher transpiration efficiency and lower flowering delay than sensitive ones

et al. 2014

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Tolerant pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) varieties to low soil P have higher transpiration efficiency and lower flowering delay than sensitive ones AbstractBackground and aim In the West African Sahel low soil phosphorus (P) and unpredictable rainfall are major interacting constraints to growth and grain yield of pearl millet. Investigating the relationship between transpiration and final yield under the combined effect of water and P stress is fundamental to understand the underlying mechanisms of tolerance and improve breeding programs. Methods We conducted two lysimeter trials using 1 m long PVC tubes (35 cm diameter) filled with a P poor Sahelian soil mimicking soil profiles to assess grain and stover yield, and water use of 15 pearl millet genotypes grown under different P (no P supply or addition of 1.5 g P tube) and water (well watered or terminal water stress) regimes. In experiment 2 transpiration was measured twice a week from tube weight differences, and transpiration efficiency (TE) was calculated as dry matter (DM) produced per kg of water transpired. Results Low soil P delayed flowering, and more so in sensitive genotypes. Later flowering of genotypes sensitive to low P made them more sensitive to terminal water stress. Under P limiting soil, genotypes tolerant and sensitive to low P used similar amounts of water (19.8 and 21.7 kg water plant −1 , respectively). However, tolerant lines transpired less water prior to anthesis (8.8 kg water plant −1 ) leaving more water available for grain filling (11 kg water plant −1 ) while sensitive lines used 14.4 kg water plant −1 pre-anthesis, leaving only 7.2 kg water plant −1 for grain filling. Low soil P decreased grain yield by affecting seed size at harvest and its damage during seed filling overrode the effect of seed size at sowing. Grain yield was positively correlated with water extracted after anthesis. TE was enhanced by P supply, especially in sensitive lines, and TE was higher in tolerant than in sensitive genotypes under low soil P. Conclusions Pearl millet plants tolerant to low P were more resistant to the delay of flowering caused by low P soil and they presented higher transpiration efficiency. The pattern of transpiration was important to cope with terminal water stress under different levels of P availability. Higher transpiration after anthesis, resulting from conservative water mechanism pre-anthesis (higher TE) and possibly by a shorter delay in flowering under low soil P, enhanced grain yield.

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Section: Flowering Delaycontrasting

confidence: 98%

Tolerant pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) varieties to low soil P have higher transpiration efficiency and lower flowering delay than sensitive ones

et al. 2014

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“…The higher amount of poultry manure increased the nutrients holding capacity and availability over lower poultry manure dose and control which caused the leaves to remain green for longer period [17]. The maize plants sown in the control plot showed lower leaf area index might be due to higher leaching and volatilization of nitrogen as compared to organic matter added plots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomy and Economy: Impact of Tillage and Poultry Manure on Mazie (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)

Javeed¹,

Zamir²,

Masood³

et al. 2014

AJPS

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Seedling emergence and seedling establishment are two important phases for the good crop stand and final maize crop harvest. A field study was conducted to explore the effects of different tillage practices and poultry manure levels on the seedling emergence, growth, development, yield, and economics of the spring planted maize during 2010 and 2011. Experimental treatments include four tillage treatments (zero, minimum, conventional and deep tillage) and three poultry manure amendments (control (no manure), 5 Mg•ha −1 and 10 Mg•ha −1 ). Seedling emergence was linearly affected as the tillage intensity was increased. Significant relationship of tillage with leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate, net assimilation rate and total dry matter was recorded during the both years. Poultry manure at the rate of 10 Mg•ha −1 produced the higher leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate, total dry matter and grain yield as compared to 5 Mg•ha −1 and control. Moreover, experimental results concluded that the deep tillage practice has taken less time to start emergence. Similarly, higher values trend of leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate, total dry matter accumulation and grain yield was shifted from deep tillage to conventional, minimum and zero tillage practices during both years. Economically, the minimum tillage with poultry manure at rate of 10 Mg•ha −1 gave the better benefit to cost ratio and crop productivity as compared to conventional, deep and zero tillage. The experiment suggested the minimum tillage with poultry manure at the rate of 10 Mg•ha −1 may ensure the maize grain yield sustainability.

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“…It simulates physiological crop responses on a daily basis as a function of climate factors (daily maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, and solar radiation), soils, and crop management practices (cultivar, planting date, row spacing, plant population, and planting depth). The model has been applied extensively in many different parts of the world for climate change applications [31][32][33][34] . This model computes important biophysical and biochemical processes, like photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration or the dynamics of carbon and water at the leaf-level and are therefore able to simulate the effect of increasing temperatures, changing precipitation and elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration on crop development and yield [35].…”

Section: Description Of the Dssat Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2017

GJSETR

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Bioenergy crops are expected to play an important role in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and in enhancing the security of energy supply. According to Sir David King, climate change is our most serious threat. This paper presents some new evidence on the way in which changes to the climate will affect winter wheat yield in Norfolk, England, and there are some surprising but vitally important outcomes. Winter wheat shows different dependence on climate parameters when the temperature is increased, rainfall increased or decreased, and carbon dioxide (CO2) levels increased. Model predictions showed that under many future climate scenarios winter wheat yield would increase with decrease in precipitation and in temperature ranging from +1.

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CERES-Maize Predictions of Maize Phenology under Nitrogen-Stressed Conditions in Nigeria

Cited by 54 publications

References 0 publications

Tolerant pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) varieties to low soil P have higher transpiration efficiency and lower flowering delay than sensitive ones

Tolerant pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) varieties to low soil P have higher transpiration efficiency and lower flowering delay than sensitive ones

Agronomy and Economy: Impact of Tillage and Poultry Manure on Mazie (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)

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CERES-Maize Predictions of Maize Phenology under Nitrogen-Stressed Conditions in Nigeria

Cited by 54 publications

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Tolerant pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) varieties to low soil P have higher transpiration efficiency and lower flowering delay than sensitive ones

Tolerant pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) varieties to low soil P have higher transpiration efficiency and lower flowering delay than sensitive ones

Agronomy and Economy: Impact of Tillage and Poultry Manure on Mazie (&lt;i&gt;Zea mays&lt;/i&gt; L.)

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Agronomy and Economy: Impact of Tillage and Poultry Manure on Mazie (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)