Cerebrospinal fluid tau, phospho‐tau₁₈₁ and β‐amyloid₁₋₄₂ in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a discrimination from Alzheimer's disease

Abstract

The aim of the present study was the quantitation of total tau protein (tau(T)), tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (tau(P-181)) and beta-amyloid(1-42) (Abeta42) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and controls. Double sandwich ELISAs (Innogenetics) were used for the measurements. Total tau was significantly increased in iNPH and highly increased in AD as compared with the control group, whilst Abeta42 was decreased in both diseases. CSF tau(P-181) levels were significantly increased only in AD, but not in iNPH as compared with the controls. A cut-off level for tau(T) at 300 pg/ml, successfully discriminated AD from normal aging with a 95.8% specificity and 91% sensitivity; whilst the tau(P-181)/tau(T) ratio (cut-off value 0.169) was more specific (100%) but less sensitive (92.5%). For the discrimination of iNPH from AD tau(T) achieved low specificity (77.8%) but high sensitivity (92.5%), whilst tau(P-181) (cut-off value 47.4) was both sensitive and specific (88.7% and 86.7% respectively) for the discrimination of these disorders. The present study, despite being clinical, supports the notion that CSF tau(P-181) alone or in combination with tau(T) may be a useful marker in the discrimination of iNPH from AD.

Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for prognosis of long-term cognitive treatment outcomes in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus

“…CSF biomarkers p-tau, Aβ 1-38 /Aβ 1-42 ratio, and Aβ 1-42 /p-tau ratio [10,13] were prognostic predictors of cognitive function (Table 3). Moreover, analysis of the Aβ 1-38 /Aβ 1-42 ratio revealed that, while the "Improved Cognitive group" showed a tendency to shift from Aβ 1-42 to Aβ 1-38 2 years after surgery, the "Poor Cognitive group" showed similar results before and 2 years after the same.…”

Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma biomarkers in Alzheimer disease

“…19,30 Data are accumulating that the main use of ptau could be in differentiat ing aD from other forms of dementia. [31][32][33] Assay development for core biomarkers the discovery that aβ is produced during normal cell metabolism and secreted into the CsF was the basis for developing an aβ biomarker for aD. 34 the subsequent finding that aβ 1-42 is the most abundant species of aβ in amyloid plaques led to the development of assays for this aβ isoform.…”

Hydrocéphalie à pression normale : mise au point et aspects pratiques

“…Certaines d'entre elles montraient des taux diminués d'A␤-42 (comme dans la MA) ainsi qu'une tendance à une baisse des taux de P-tau dans l'HPNi par rapport à des sujets sains [38]. Kapaki et al [39] ont établi qu'un taux de P-tau supérieur à 47 pg/mL permettait de distinguer une MA d'une HPNi. Kang et al [38] ont noté un ratio P-tau/A␤-42 significativement plus élevé chez des patients HPNi non-répondeurs à la PL déplétive.…”