Cerebrospinal Fluid BAFF and APRIL Levels in Neuromyelitis Optica and Multiple Sclerosis Patients During Relapse

Wang, Honghao; Wang, Kai; Zhong, Xiaonan; Qiu, Wei; Dai, Yongqiang; Wu, Ai-Min; Hu, Xueqiang

doi:10.1007/s10875-012-9709-9

Cited by 72 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Mariette et al reported enhanced levels of BAFF mRNA both in the salivary glands and ocular surface of pSS patients (15) . Higher levels of BAFF have previously been observed in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) or neuromyelitis optica (NMO) (16) . In addition, a strong relationship between pSS and NMO had been demonstrated in numerous case reports (17)(18)(19)(20)(21) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of possible factors affecting contrast sensitivity function in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome

Arıkan¹,

Gökmen²,

Çömez³

et al. 2015

Arquivos Brasileiros De Oftalmologia

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of possible factors affecting contrast sensitivity function in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome

Arıkan¹,

Gökmen²,

Çömez³

et al. 2015

Arquivos Brasileiros De Oftalmologia

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“…It is induced by IFN type I and II providing a link between innate immunity, viral infections as EBV, and autoimmunity. BAFF levels are increased in the CSF of seropositive NMOSD patients [39]. It is possible that NMOSD, SLE and SS are phenotypes of a genetic background susceptible to develop humoral autoimmunity [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein - Barr virus Infection in a Patient with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Sjögren’s Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Literature

et al. 2018

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Background The association of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD) with autoimmune disorders including Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), is well recognized. Epstein Barr virus (EBV) has been associated to various neurological entities. We describe a case where EBV infection likely preceded NMOSD in a patient with unrecognized SS. The clinical features, work up and management are described. Case presentation A 40-year woman with history of stroke and Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) two years prior, presented with progressive lower extremity weakness and pain. Brain MRI revealed hyperintensities in the cerebellar and parietal lobes consistent with old infarcts, high intensity signal in the white matter and enhancing intramedullary lesion at the level of T2 and the conus medullaris. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) revealed no oligoclonal bands. Next day, the patient developed right ankle weakness and urinary incontinence. NMOSD was suspected and pulse steroids initiated. Patient’s weakness resolved. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-SSA/SSB and Aquaporin 4 antibodies (AQP4Ab) were positive. CSF was positive for EBV. Parotid gland ultrasound revealed non-homogeneous tissue. Ganciclovir and plasmapheresis were started. The patient’s sensation and motor deficits improved and one month after, she had regained motor power and sphincter control. The patient was discharged on oral prednisone and plans for rituximab infusions. On follow-up imaging, Spinal MRI showed areas of myelomalacia and complete resolution at the level of T2 and conus medularis lesions respectively. The patient had no additional flares, but did complain of chronic neuropathic pain. Conclusion NMOSD commonly coexist with other autoimmune diseases. The association of SS and NMOSD is well recognized. EBV infections can present with neurological manifestations however, EBV has also been linked to the development of autoimmunity. In our case, EBV was detected in CSF and antiviral therapy was initiated in addition to the treatment modalities for NMOSD which led to a full recovery in our patient.

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“…Although serum BAFF levels appear normal in patients with MS, involvement of the BAFF/APRIL system is supported by increased levels in the CSF of patients with MS [58], and the expression of BAFF in MS lesions is probably produced by astrocytes that support B-cell survival in situ [59]. Expression of BAFF/ APRIL receptors is not altered in MS sera but increased levels of BCMA have been observed in MS lesions [60].…”

Section: Ms and Nmomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with healthy controls, patients with NMO have higher serum BAFF levels, which further increases after rituximab treatment [62]. Although CSF APRIL was not only increased in patients with NMO, it was also associated with disease disability [58]. The recent discovery that BAFF is a functional ligand of Nogo-66 receptor, which inhibits axonal growth and is overexpressed by astrocytes in MS lesions, could potentially provide at least 1 of the missing links between immune responses and degeneration in CNS diseases such as MS and NMO [24,64].…”

Section: Ms and Nmomentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-B-Cell Therapies in Autoimmune Neurological Diseases: Rationale and Efficacy Trials

2016

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B cells have an ever-increasing role in the etiopathology of a number of autoimmune neurological disorders, acting as antibody-producing cells and, most importantly, as sensors, coordinators, and regulators of the immune response. B cells, among other functions, regulate the T-cell activation process through their participation in antigen presentation and production of cytokines. The availability of monoclonal antibodies or fusion proteins against B-cell surface molecules or Bcell trophic factors bestows a rational approach for treating autoimmune neurological disorders, even when T cells are the main effector cells. This review summarizes basic aspects of B-cell biology, discusses the role(s) of B cells in neurological autoimmunity, and presents anti-B-cell drugs that are either currently on the market or are expected to be available in the near future for treating neurological autoimmune disorders.

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Cerebrospinal Fluid BAFF and APRIL Levels in Neuromyelitis Optica and Multiple Sclerosis Patients During Relapse

Abstract: BAFF/APRIL system considered important for aggressive B cells and T-cell responses, and may stimulates B cells and T cell activation in acute relapse of NMO and MS. In NMO patients, CSF BAFF and APRIL may be key factors of B cell immune response and reflect disease severity.

Cited by 72 publications

References 23 publications

Evaluation of possible factors affecting contrast sensitivity function in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome

Evaluation of possible factors affecting contrast sensitivity function in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome

Epstein - Barr virus Infection in a Patient with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Sjögren’s Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Anti-B-Cell Therapies in Autoimmune Neurological Diseases: Rationale and Efficacy Trials

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