Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Concentrations of Magnesium in Epileptic Children

Benga, Ileana; Baltescu, Valeria; Tilinca, Rozalia; Pavel, Octavian Dumitru; Ghiran, Viorel; Muschevici, D; Benga, Gheorghe

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-025921-5.50169-7

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Whatever the picture, the activation of mGluR1 in Mg 2+ ‐free solutions might become relevant to some pathological conditions linked to Mg 2+ ‐deficiency. Significantly decreased concentration of Mg 2+ in plasma was found in epileptic children (Benga et al ., 1985). Seizures are a recognized complication of HIV‐1 infection and seropositive patients with hypomagnesaemia appear to be at increased risk for convulsive status epilepticus (Van Paesschen et al ., 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional interactions between presynaptic NMDA receptors and metabotropic glutamate receptors co‐expressed on rat and human noradrenergic terminals

Luccini

Musante

Neri

et al. 2007

British J Pharmacology

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Background and purpose: Electrophysiological studies described potentiation of NMDA receptor function by metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) of group I occurring postsynaptically. Since release-enhancing NMDA receptors exist on noradrenergic terminals and group I mGluRs have recently been identified on these nerve endings, we have investigated if NMDA receptor-mGluR interactions also can occur at the presynaptic level. Experimental approach: Rat hippocampus and human neocortex synaptosomes were labelled with [ 3 H]noradrenaline and superfused with mGluR agonists and antagonists. NMDA-evoked [ 3 H]noradrenaline release was produced by removal of external Mg 2 þ or by simultaneous application of NMDA and AMPA in Mg 2 þ -containing solutions. Key results: The mGluR1/5 agonist 3,5-DHPG, inactive on its own, potentiated both the release of [ 3 H]noradrenaline elicited by AMPA/NMDA/glycine and that evoked by NMDA/glycine following Mg 2 þ removal. The effect of 3,5-DHPG on the AMPA/ NMDA/glycine-induced release was insensitive to the mGluR1 antagonist CPCCOEt, but it was abolished by the mGluR5 antagonist MPEP; moreover, it was potentiated by the mGluR5 positive allosteric modulator DFB. When NMDA receptors were activated by Mg 2 þ removal, both mGluR5 and mGluR1 contributed to the evoked release, the mGluR-mediated release being blocked only by CPCCOEt and MPEP in combination. Experiments with human neocortex synaptosomes show NMDA receptor-mGluR interactions qualitatively similar to those observed in rodents. Conclusions and implications: Group I mGluRs, both of the mGluR1 and mGluR5 subtypes, co-localize with NMDA receptors on noradrenergic terminals of rat hippocampus and human neocortex. Depending on the mode of activation, NMDA receptors exert differential permissive roles on the activation of presynaptic mGluR1 and mGluR5.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional interactions between presynaptic NMDA receptors and metabotropic glutamate receptors co‐expressed on rat and human noradrenergic terminals

Luccini

Musante

Neri

et al. 2007

British J Pharmacology

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“…2001), our study was carried out by applying NMDA plus glycine in the absence of Mg 2+ ions, to overcome the cation‐mediated occlusion of the NMDA associated ionic channel. It has to be reminded, however, that under physiological conditions, extracellular solutions do contain Mg 2+ ions while hypomagnesia is positively correlated to some pathological conditions in CNS (Benga et al. 1985; Michaelis and Michaelis 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

Pre-synaptic glycine GlyT1 transporter - NMDA receptor interaction: relevance to NMDA autoreceptor activation in the presence of Mg2+ ions

Musante

Summa

Cunha

et al. 2011

Journal of Neurochemistry

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J. Neurochem. (2011) 117, 516–527. Abstract Rat hippocampal glutamatergic terminals possess NMDA autoreceptors whose activation by low micromolar NMDA elicits glutamate exocytosis in the presence of physiological Mg2+ (1.2 mM), the release of glutamate being significantly reduced when compared to that in Mg2+‐free condition. Both glutamate and glycine were required to evoke glutamate exocytosis in 1.2 mM Mg2+, while dizocilpine, cis‐4‐[phosphomethyl]‐piperidine‐2‐carboxylic acid and 7‐Cl‐kynurenic acid prevented it, indicating that occupation of both agonist sites is needed for receptor activation. d‐serine mimicked glycine but also inhibited the NMDA/glycine‐induced release of [3H]d‐aspartate, thus behaving as a partial agonist. The NMDA/glycine‐induced release in 1.2 mM Mg2+ strictly depended on glycine uptake through the glycine transporter type 1 (GlyT1), because the GlyT1 blocker N‐[3‐(4′‐fluorophenyl)‐3‐(4′‐phenylphenoxy)propyl])sarcosine hydrochloride, but not the GlyT2 blocker Org 25534, prevented it. Accordingly, [3H]glycine was taken up during superfusion, while lowering the external concentration of Na+, the monovalent cation co‐transported with glycine by GlyT1, abrogated the NMDA‐induced effect. Western blot analysis of subsynaptic fractions confirms that GlyT1 and NMDA autoreceptors co‐localize at the pre‐synaptic level, where GluN3A subunits immunoreactivity was also recovered. It is proposed that GlyT1s coexist with NMDA autoreceptors on rat hippocampal glutamatergic terminals and that glycine taken up by GlyT1 may permit physiological activation of NMDA pre‐synaptic autoreceptors.

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“…Magnesium plays an important role in establishing electrical potential across cell membrane. It also affects calcium metabolism as the production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate is magnesium dependent which in turn controls release of parathyroid hormone 19,20,21 . In clinical practice, hypomagnesemia is underdiagnosed or incorrectly measured in patients with febrile seizure.…”

Section: Operational Definition Febrile Seizures (Fs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Serum Calcium and Magnesium Level with Febrile Seizure

Sarker

Islam

Pal

et al. 2022

Sir Salimullah Med. Coll. J.

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Background: Febrile seizures occur in 2 to 5% of all children with a recurrence rate of 30 to 40%. Calcium and magnesium is closely related to pathophysiology of seizures and aim of this study was to find out the association of serum calcium and magnesium level with febrile seizure. Methods: A cross sectional analytical study was conducted among One hundred (100) subjects of both sexes with age range 6 months to 60 months in department of pediatrics from June 2019 to May 2020. The subjects were grouped into case (group A) and control (group B) by purposive sampling who were seeking fever with convulsion (group A) and fever without convulsion (group B). Statistical analyses were performed by Chi-square test and/or Fisher’s exact test as applicable for comparing qualitative variables and for quantitative variables using unpaired t-test and/or Mann-Whitney U test for comparing between the groups. Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient test was done to observe the correlation between low calcium and Magnesium level in febrile seizure. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as significant for all analytical tests. Results: Hypocalcaemia were more in 25-36 months of age and hypomagnesaemia 37-48 months in febrile seizure Hypomagnesaemia were more in patients who had previous febrile seizure (1.89 ± 0.73 mg/dl, p- value 0.045). Association and positive correlation were found between serum calcium and serum magnesium with febrile seizure. Multivariate logistic regression showed hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesaemia are independent risk factor for febrile seizures where hypocalcaemia OR=2.144 and hypomagnesaemia OR 1.2. Conclusion: Association and positive correlation were found between serum calcium and serum magnesium with febrile seizure and more in recurrent febrile seizure. Sir Salimullah Med Coll J 2022; 30: 14-22

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Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Concentrations of Magnesium in Epileptic Children

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Functional interactions between presynaptic NMDA receptors and metabotropic glutamate receptors co‐expressed on rat and human noradrenergic terminals

Functional interactions between presynaptic NMDA receptors and metabotropic glutamate receptors co‐expressed on rat and human noradrenergic terminals

Pre-synaptic glycine GlyT1 transporter - NMDA receptor interaction: relevance to NMDA autoreceptor activation in the presence of Mg2+ ions

Association of Serum Calcium and Magnesium Level with Febrile Seizure

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