Cerebrospinal fluid amyloid precursor protein as a potential biomarker of fatigue in multiple sclerosis: A pilot study

Kalle, Johansson; Pontus, Wasling; Novakova, Lenka; Sjödin, Simon; Westman‐Brinkmalm, Ann; Brinkmalm, Gunnar; Blennow, Kaj; Zetterberg, Henrik; Axelsson, Markus

doi:10.1016/j.msard.2022.103846

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…APP can also be cleaved by β-secretase and γ-secretase to produce the Aβ1-42 peptide and sAPPβ (321)(322)(323)(324)(325), which is a precursor to soluble amyloid-beta. In humans, CSF sAPP is a potential diagnostic biomarker for diseases like Alzheimer's Disease and Multiple Sclerosis (316,320,326), and as a potential predictor of neurodevelopmental outcomes after neonatal GMH-IVH (327,328).…”

Section: Amyloid Precursor Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron homeostasis and post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus: a review

Pan,

Hale,

Lemieux

et al. 2024

Front. Neurol.

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Iron physiology is regulated by a complex interplay of extracellular transport systems, coordinated transcriptional responses, and iron efflux mechanisms. Dysregulation of iron metabolism can result in defects in myelination, neurotransmitter synthesis, and neuronal maturation. In neonates, germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH-IVH) causes iron overload as a result of blood breakdown in the ventricles and brain parenchyma which can lead to post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH). However, the precise mechanisms by which GMH-IVH results in PHH remain elusive. Understanding the molecular determinants of iron homeostasis in the developing brain may lead to improved therapies. This manuscript reviews the various roles iron has in brain development, characterizes our understanding of iron transport in the developing brain, and describes potential mechanisms by which iron overload may cause PHH and brain injury. We also review novel preclinical treatments for IVH that specifically target iron. Understanding iron handling within the brain and central nervous system may provide a basis for preventative, targeted treatments for iron-mediated pathogenesis of GMH-IVH and PHH.

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Section: Amyloid Precursor Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron homeostasis and post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus: a review

Pan,

Hale,

Lemieux

et al. 2024

Front. Neurol.

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“…The metabolism of APP in pwMS is probably associated with fatigue. APP should be evaluated as a biomarker of the role of structural MS pathology in the development of fatigue in pw MS (Johansson et al, 2022).…”

Section: Amyliod Precursor Protein (App)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis: Analysis of the Present Advantages and Look to the Future

2023

J Psychol Neurosci

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MS is a chronic heterogeneous demyelinating disease of the CNS among the young population, manifested by unpredictable attacks and subsequent remissions (McGinley et al., 2021; Lublin et al., 2022). The disease develops as a result of an interaction between genetic and environmental factors (Dobson et al., 2019). The most important genetic risk factor are the alleles of genes encoding human leucocyte antigens (HLAs), especially HLA-DRB1*1501 (Hollenbach et al., 2015). The main exogenous noxes that have the potential to trigger the illness are Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) infection, tobacco use, obesity since childhood, low vitamin D levels. Inflammatory infiltrates within the brain lesions contain CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocytes, activated monocytes and B-lymphocytes which lead to disruption of the myelin sheaths covering the nerves (Housley et al., 2015). It is considered that EBV infection contributes to production of B cells that provokes the activation of CNS inflammatory processes (Leffler et al., 2022). A relationship between gut microbiome-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and immune dysfunction in patients with early MS was proposed (Trend et al., 2021). According to a recent hypothesis the EBV infection and B-cell dysfunction connect with gut-associated lymphoid tissue leading to aberrant B-cell responses that guide pathogenic T-cell responses in the CNS (Leffler et al., 2022).

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