Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Masquerading as High Altitude Cerebral Edema at Extreme Altitude

Khan, Inam Danish

doi:10.21859/ijtmgh-040306

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…There is a paucity of research work and experience on extreme-altitude due to extremely tough living conditions and low resource settings making research work highly implausible. 2,3,6 During the conduct of the study in the winter months of December and January with temperatures reaching as low as -70°C, movement, communication, logistic and aviation capabilities were severely paralyzed by inclement weather conditions. [5][6][7] The environment remained monotonous, isolated and intimidating.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3,6 During the conduct of the study in the winter months of December and January with temperatures reaching as low as -70°C, movement, communication, logistic and aviation capabilities were severely paralyzed by inclement weather conditions. [5][6][7] The environment remained monotonous, isolated and intimidating. All explorers were staying in fuel-heated and poorly ventilated shelters/tents with survival on dried/ canned food and snow-melted water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite instituted staged-graded acclimatization protocols, complete acclimatization may not be attained at extreme altitudes above 5500 m/18 045 ft and explorers remain prone to extreme-altitude sickness. 3,6,8 Extremealtitude pre-induction training contributes to explorers' fear, alleviation, and confidence in the terrain; however, the effects are variable depending upon explorers' place of residence, physical fitness, preconditioning, motivation, and willingness to learn. Further, the benefits of these efforts may be rendered ineffective due to the negative attitude and practices of explorers, thereby emphasizing the assessment of KAP amongst explorers in extreme altitudes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding Extreme Environments and Cold Adaptation at Extreme Altitudes on the Himalayan Ranges

Khan

2020

Int J Travel Med Glob Health

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Introduction: Extreme-altitudes (5500 m/18045 ft and higher) pose environmental, psychophysiological, infrastructural, logistic, and ergonomic challenges that question explorer’s adaptability and mission-efficiency due to isolation, monotony, intimidating environment and terse health conditions. The assessment of an explorer’s comprehensive adaptability in extreme-altitudes is of paramount importance in ensuring mission-preparedness. Knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of explorers staying on extreme-altitudes was assessed through personal interview technique. Methods: 125 healthy, acclimatized, mountain-trained explorers staying above 4570 m/15000 ft in winter-season for at least 30 days on extreme-altitudes were assessed by a single cross-sectional study through personal interviews on KAP related to extreme-altitude and cold-adaptation. Results: Mean duration of stay on extreme-altitude was 55.7 days. All explorers knew about difficulties and health-problems at extremealtitude. All explorers felt that mountain-training and acclimatization were beneficial. 92% felt that mission tenure of 90 days on the extreme-altitude was adequate. 92.8% felt they were adequately trained for the extreme-altitude; however, only 52% felt confident about health-training. 66.4% did preventive rewarming of extremities. 66.4% regularly smoked/chewed tobacco. 57.6% had sleep problems and 64% had altered appetite. 26.4% felt difficulties related to living conditions, infrastructure, and logistics. Conclusion: Explorers at extreme-altitude exhibited adequate knowledge and performed activities with progressive attitude and healthy practices. Explorers endured altered psychophysiology at extreme-altitude and regarded the utility of training and acclimatization programs. Knowledge-practice gap existed towards tobacco consumption. There was a felt need for the improvement of living conditions, infrastructure, logistics, and health-related training.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding Extreme Environments and Cold Adaptation at Extreme Altitudes on the Himalayan Ranges

Khan

2020

Int J Travel Med Glob Health

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“…Travelers climbing ahead of Base Camp may find the medical establishment inaccessible because of distance, terrain, weather, or the lack of real-time communication. 15,16 Expedition-style mountain climbing includes resource provisions to cater to prolonged mountain activities. Teams having the privilege of being accompanied by a paramedic or a doctor have the advantages of rapid assessment, treatment, monitoring, descent/evacuation, and outbreak response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small disease clusters may not be noticed, reported, or appreciated and can turn into epidemic proportions. 16 Reporting and ascertaining bias along with confounding can limit explicit, evidence-based surveillance. Barriers to communication and grapevine communication may confabulate real-time outbreak surveillance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outbreak of Wilderness/Backcountry/Travelers’ Diarrhea at a Himalayan Base Camp at 4000 m/13,125 ft

Khan¹,

Sashindran

Sandhu

et al. 2018

Int J Travel Med Glob Health

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Introduction Wilderness or backcountry diarrhea is a type of travelers' diarrhea affecting backpackers, trekkers, campers, hikers, soldiers, wilderness and outdoor enthusiasts. Giardia and Cryptosporidium are the most common pathogens causing wilderness diarrhea followed by bacteria (Campylobacter, Shigella, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7, Yersinia enterocolitica, Aeromonas hydrophila) and viruses (hepatitis A virus, hepatitis E virus). Giardia and Cryptosporidum cysts, Salmonella Typhi, Shigella, and the hepatitis A virus can survive freezing temperatures in mountain streams and lakes. Furthermore, protozoal cysts have a low infective dose of 10-25 cysts compared to bacteria which have higher infective doses of 10 6-10 8 colony-forming units/ml of water. 1,2 Campsites, wilderness, and mountain environments pose additional risks worldwide irrespective of developing or developed regions. Wilderness and outdoor environments restrict the maintenance of adequate culinary hygiene, washing hygiene, and hand hygiene due to limitations in http://ijtmgh.com

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High-Altitude Exposure and Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: An Updated Systematic Review

Kharel,

Shrestha,

Pant

et al. 2023

High Altitude Medicine & Biology

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Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Masquerading as High Altitude Cerebral Edema at Extreme Altitude

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding Extreme Environments and Cold Adaptation at Extreme Altitudes on the Himalayan Ranges

Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding Extreme Environments and Cold Adaptation at Extreme Altitudes on the Himalayan Ranges

Outbreak of Wilderness/Backcountry/Travelers’ Diarrhea at a Himalayan Base Camp at 4000 m/13,125 ft

High-Altitude Exposure and Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: An Updated Systematic Review

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