Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in a child with iron-deficiency anemia

Ghosh, Partha S.; Plautz, Gregory E.; Cerejo, Russell; Moodley, Manikum

doi:10.1007/s13760-013-0195-5

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…[15] In addition to poor cognitive function, IDA in early life is associated with abnormal motor and socio-emotional function, [16] as well as several cases of cerebral thrombosis. [17][18][19] It was also shown to be a significant risk factor for the development of simple febrile seizures in children of age 6 months to 3 years. [20] The new frontier in IDA research is on its longterm effects on the genome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and risk factors associated with iron deficiency anaemia among hospitalised Lebanese infants

Mhanna

Rahal

Iskandarani

et al. 2015

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and risk factors associated with iron deficiency anaemia among hospitalised Lebanese infants

Mhanna

Rahal

Iskandarani

et al. 2015

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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“…[29][30][31][32] There have also been several publications that establish the association of excessive milk intake as the etiology for iron-deficiency anemia and thus cerebral sinovenous thrombosis. 21,22,[31][32][33] Children, especially young children, with cerebral sinovenous thrombosis often present with vague symptoms. Typical symptoms may include headache, vomiting, lethargy, sixth cranial nerve palsy, and seizures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the thrombotic diseases that can occur in young children is cerebral sinovenous thrombosis and can occur in the setting of iron-deficiency anemia. [20][21][22] Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis is potentially life threatening and can be associated with long-term neurologic sequelae. Iron-deficiency anemia is a preventable cause of cerebral sinovenous thrombosis in young children.…”

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confidence: 99%

Too Much of a Good Thing? Cerebral Sinovenous Thrombosis Due to Excessive Milk Intake Associated Anemia

et al. 2020

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Introduction: In young children, excessive cow’s milk intake causes iron-deficiency anemia, which is associated with hypercoagulable states. We present a case series of 4 toddlers with excessive milk intake iron-deficiency anemia and cerebral sinovenous thrombosis. Methods: Retrospective chart review of 4 patients was performed for patients with cerebral sinovenous thrombosis and iron-deficiency anemia secondary to excessive milk intake. Iron-deficiency anemia was defined as hemoglobin <11 mg/dL, mean corpuscular volume <70 fL, and serum ferritin <12 μg/L. Excessive milk intake was defined as consumption of >24 oz daily. Clinical, laboratory, and radiographic features were reviewed. Results: Age ranged from 12 to 24 months. Average hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, and ferritin levels were 6.1 g/dL, 22.7 g/dL, 52.7 fL, and 3.2 ng/mL, respectively. Daily milk consumption ranged from 40 to 60 oz. All patients presented with focal neurologic deficits, including seizures in 3. The location of cerebral sinovenous thrombosis varied, and 3 patients had venous infarcts, one of them hemorrhagic. All patients had a limited diet and were described as “picky eaters” by their parents, and only 1 had transitioned of a bottle. All patients were treated with anticoagulation, iron supplementation, and extensive dietary counseling to reduce cow’s milk intake. Conclusion: Iron-deficiency anemia due to excessive milk intake is an important and preventable etiology of pediatric cerebral sinovenous thrombosis. Focused anticipatory guidance is necessary for at-risk groups to prevent this neurologic emergency.

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“…The rates of overall involvement of cerebral vessels in children and adults were 96.2% and 46.4% of all occlusions respectively (Tables 2 & 3). Nine out of 50 (18%) cases in the literature who were evaluated for other prothrombotic risk factors [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] had at least one risk factor like decreased protein S, Factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A mutations, increased Factor VIII, fibrinogen, lipoprotein a, cholesterol, anticardiolipin antibody, d-dimer, PAI, thrombin antithrombin complex levels and hemoglobin (Hb) S trait. Additionally four cases had patent foramen ovale.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the 13 cases with concomitant infection were children all of whom had cerebral vessel occlusions, the majority involving the cerebral veins (n:9). The six had gastroenteritis, the three had otitis media, and the rest had various infections [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] (Table 2).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thrombosis in Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Review of our Cases and the Relevant Literature

Kılcı

Olcay

Sezer

et al. 2018

OAJOM

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We evaluated our thrombosis cases for iron deficiency (ID) or iron deficiency anemia (IDA) retrospectively and reviewed the literature. We established that iron parameters were studied in 17 of 64 patients with thrombosis and 2 of 17 patients had IDA. Case 1 (age 16, female) had occlusions in sigmoid and transverse sinuses and right jugular vein and case 2 (age 15, male) had infarct in right cerebellar hemisphere. While case 1 additionally had mastoiditis, high Factor (F) VIII and PAI 4G/5G polymorphism, case 2 who underwent a recent aortic graft insertion operation for aortic aneurysm had high serum lipids, lipoprotein a, homocysteine, FVIII, d-dimer. Of 54 thrombosis cases with ID/IDA in the literature, cerebral thrombosis made up of 70.4% of all the cases, venous cerebral occlusions comprising 100% and 66% of venous thrombosis in children and adults respectively. Our findings show that ID/ IDA may be a risk factor for thrombosis, especially in cerebral veins.

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Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in a child with iron-deficiency anemia

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Incidence and risk factors associated with iron deficiency anaemia among hospitalised Lebanese infants

Incidence and risk factors associated with iron deficiency anaemia among hospitalised Lebanese infants

Too Much of a Good Thing? Cerebral Sinovenous Thrombosis Due to Excessive Milk Intake Associated Anemia

Thrombosis in Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Review of our Cases and the Relevant Literature

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