Cerebral Venous Congestion following Closed Head Injury in a Child

Matsushige, Toshinori; Kiya, Katsuzo; Satoh, Hideki; Mizoue, Tatsuya; Kagawa, Kota; Araki, Hayato

doi:10.1159/000082300

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…In addition to the conditions of IIH, OSA, posterior fossa syndromes, migraine, and possibly other forms of headache, a number of other conditions such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) (Matsushige et al, 2004) may be associated with venous obstruction. In TBI, venous congestion causes reversible changes on imaging and may well contribute more to a rise in ICP than the classic parenchymal swelling to which raised ICP is normally attributed (Andeweg, 1999).…”

Section: Venous Obstruction and An Exponential Rise In Icp With Traummentioning

confidence: 99%

The Headache of High Altitude and Microgravity—Similarities with Clinical Syndromes of Cerebral Venous Hypertension

Imray

Hargens

2011

High Altitude Medicine & Biology

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Syndromes thought to have cerebral venous hypertension as their core, such as idiopathic intracranial hypertension and jugular foramen outlet obstruction, classically result in headaches. Do they provide an insight into the cause of the headache that commonly occurs at altitude? The classic theory of the pathogenesis of high altitude headache has been that it results from increased intracranial pressure (ICP) secondary to hypoxemia in people who have less compliant intracranial volumes (Roach and Hackett, 2001). However, there does not appear to be a correlation between the headache of acute mountain sickness (AMS) and the presence of cerebral edema (Bailey et al, 2006; Wilson et al, 2009). Research has concentrated on arterial perfusion to the brain in hypoxia, but there has been little study of venous drainage. Hypoxia results in markedly increased cerebral blood flow; however, if it has been considered at all, venous outflow has to date been assumed to be of little consequence. Retinal venous distension and the increased venous blood demonstrated by near infra-red spectroscopy and more recently by MRI imply that, in hypoxia, a relative venous insufficiency may exist. Similarly, there is increasing evidence that manifestations of the fluid shift during microgravity is of similar nature to idiopathic intracranial hypertension, which is thought to be primarily a venous insufficiency condition. The unique anthropomorphic adaptations of large brained biped humans with cerebral venous systems that have to cope with large changes in hydrostatic pressure may predispose us to conditions of inflow/outflow mismatch. In addition, slight increases in central venous pressures (e.g., from hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction) may further compromise venous outflow at altitude. A better understanding of cerebral venous physiology may enlighten us with regards the pathogenesis of headaches currently considered idiopathic. It may also enable us to trigger headaches for study and hence enable us to develop new treatment strategies.

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Section: Venous Obstruction and An Exponential Rise In Icp With Traummentioning

confidence: 99%

The Headache of High Altitude and Microgravity—Similarities with Clinical Syndromes of Cerebral Venous Hypertension

Imray

Hargens

2011

High Altitude Medicine & Biology

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Diffusion-weighted imaging of the brain in infants and children

Robertson

Glasier

2007

Pediatr Radiol

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During the last decade, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has become an important tool in the evaluation of a variety of disorders of the central nervous system in children. DWI relies on variability in the diffusivity of water molecules in the presence of a supplemental diffusion-sensitizing gradient to produce image contrast. Pathologic states alter the diffusion characteristics of brain water in a reproducible fashion. In this review, the DWI appearances of a number of common abnormalities of the brain in infants and children are presented.

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The pathophysiology of brain swelling associated with subdural hemorrhage: the role of the trigeminovascular system

et al. 2012

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The trigeminal system may provide the anatomo-physiological link between small-volume, thin subdural bleeds and swelling of the underlying brain. This physiology may help to explain the poorly understood phenomena of "second-impact syndrome," the infant response to subdural bleeding (the "big black brain"), as well as post-traumatic subdural effusions. Considerable age-specific differences in the density of dural innervation exist; age-specific responses of this innervation may explain differences in the brain's response to trauma in the young. An understanding of this pathophysiology is crucial to the development of intervention and treatment of these conditions. Antagonists to specific neuropeptides of the trigeminal system modify brain swelling after trauma and should be further explored as potential therapy in brain trauma and subdural bleeding.

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Cerebral Venous Congestion following Closed Head Injury in a Child

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

The Headache of High Altitude and Microgravity—Similarities with Clinical Syndromes of Cerebral Venous Hypertension

The Headache of High Altitude and Microgravity—Similarities with Clinical Syndromes of Cerebral Venous Hypertension

Diffusion-weighted imaging of the brain in infants and children

The pathophysiology of brain swelling associated with subdural hemorrhage: the role of the trigeminovascular system

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