Cerebral vascular disease in Hiroshima, Japan

204

100

SUMMARY As part of an ongoing longitudinal study of coronary heart disease and stroke among Japanese men in Hawaii, 8,006 men of Japanese ancestry living on the island of Oahu and aged 45-68 at entry examination have been followed by reexamination and surveillance. One hundred and eleven were found to have evidence of prior stroke at the time of the initial examination. During a six-year follow up period of the remaining 7,895 men, 94 developed definite thromboembolic stroke, 33 definite intracranial hemorrhage, and 6 developed stroke of unknown type. The principal risk factors for thromboembolic stroke were: elevated blood pressure, glucose intolerance, age, and electrocardiographic evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy or strain. Attributes associated with increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage were elevated blood pressure, electrocardiographic evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy or strain, and alcohol intake. Serum cholesterol level was negatively associated with risk of intracranial hemorrhage.

Section: Figure 5 Incidence Of Thromboembolic Stroke According To Nusupporting

confidence: 93%

Factors related to stroke incidence in Hawaii Japanese men. The Honolulu Heart Study.

Kagan¹,

Popper²,

Rhoads³

1980

204

100

“…10 The procedure in the present study -a meticulous history and careful neurological examination by only one study team -could help remove such a bias. Johnson and his colleagues 11 reported a study on the Japanese population of Hiroshima between 1958 and 1964. They concluded that cerebral thrombosis was under-reported in Japan since they found it occurred twice as frequently as cerebral hemorrhage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreasing trend in incidence and mortality from stroke in Hisayama residents, Japan.

Ueda¹,

Omae²,

Hirota³

et al. 1981

126

SUMMARY The incidence and mortality from stroke during the period 1961 to 1976, among 1,621 subjects aged 40 and over at entry, in Hisayama community, Kyushu Island, Japan, were analyzed. A major agerelated decline in the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage and infarction occurred in both sexes. The average annual incidence of cerebral infarction also fell continuously in both sexes throughout the whole observation period. The 5-year annual mortality rate from cerebral hemorrhage also showed a decrease in men, but fluctuated in women. The 5-year mortality from cerebral infarction slightly increased in both sexes.Stroke, Vol 12, No 2, 1981A LONG-TERM DECLINE in death rates from cerebrovascular diseases has been reported in the United States 1 as well as in Japan, 2 where a decreasing mortality from cerebral hemorrhage is conspicuous. A declining incidence of stroke has also been reported by a study of Rochester, Minnesota.

“…Reports have been less conclusive concerning the role of obesity, cigarette smoking and physical activity in stroke. Results are about evenly divided as to whether overweight is or is not a risk factor 2,3,13,14,17,18,20,21,23,[28][29][30][31] In this study> one ' S chances of stroke were increased when obesity was present. Cigarette smoking has not been found to be a 23 found no statistically significant difference in death rates between cargo handlers and less active workers.…”

Section: Table 4 Distribution Of Cases and Controls According To Physmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of risk factors for stroke in a Dutch community.

Herman¹,

Leyten²,

Luijk³

et al. 1982

SUMMARY The objective of the present epidemiological study was to reevaluate the relationship of various suspect risk factors to stroke within a Dutch community. The Tilburg study lends support to findings in other countries concerning the greater stroke risk of persons with high blood pressure, heart disorders, and diabetes mellitus. Significant interactions of both age and a history of myocardial infarction with hypertension on stroke risk were noted. The presence of overweight and possible transient ischemic attacks (TIA) were found related to stroke onset. No increase in stroke risk was associated with cigarette smoking. The extent of leisure time physical activity during one's lifetime was found inversely related to one's chances for stroke.Stroke, Vol 13, No 3, 1982 STROKE REMAINS A MAJOR contributor to morbidity, functional disability and mortality in most developed countries. The resulting interpersonal and economic costs of this illness for patient, family and society are also substantial. In order to reduce the incidence of stroke, knowledge of etiological factors underlying its onset is essential. The following biomedical and behavioral variables have been studied regarding stroke risk in various centers: high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, heart disorders, overweight, transient cerebral ischemic attack (TIA), cigarette smoking, and physical activity. These have varied in the extent of investigation and the consistency of results from place to place.