Cerebral small vessel disease and Alzheimer&amp;rsquo;s disease

Zhang, Cai; Wang, Chuanling; He, Wenbo; Tu, Hanjun; Tang, Zehai; Xiao, Ming; Lv, Yan

doi:10.2147/cia.s90871

Cited by 88 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 145 publications

(138 reference statements)

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“…This finding reinforces the theory that vascular pathogenesis is more present in the small vessels in neurodegenerative disorders associated with cognitive deficits classified as AD 27,28 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Assessment of hemodynamic and vascular parameters in Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia and mild cognitive abnormalities: a pilot study

Santos

Rodrigues

Zogheib

et al. 2017

Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol.

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Objectives: this pilot study correlated cardiovascular parameters such as atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in patients with aged-related dementia and sought to identify hemodynamic differences that can help in differential diagnosis. Method: a longitudinal prospective study was performed of 46 patients aged 60 to 80 years in the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The patients were classified into three groups: those with Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The groups were classified by clinical examination and CT or magnetic resonance imaging tests of the encephalon. The arterial stiffness and other hemodynamic parameters of the patients were measured using the Mobil-O-Graph device and carotid artery ultrasound scanning. Data analysis was performed by descriptive statistics, multinomial logistic regression and analysis of variance. Results: 18 patients (39.1%) had MCI, 18 (39.1%) AD and 10 (21.8%) VD. Image exams revealed greater obstructive microangiopathy in the AD group than the MCI group ( p<0.05), which in turn exhibited greater normality in such tests than the AD group ( p<0.05). There were no significant differences among the groups for the hemodynamic variables. The carotid artery ultrasound examinations identified a greater degree of normality in the MCI group than the AD group ( p<0.05). Conclusion: the results do not support the idea of using noninvasive hemodynamic evaluation methods as additional exams in the differential diagnosis of these pathologies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Assessment of hemodynamic and vascular parameters in Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia and mild cognitive abnormalities: a pilot study

Santos

Rodrigues

Zogheib

et al. 2017

Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol.

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“…Sporadic SVDs are age-related diseases, with progressive arteriopathy/arteriolopathy, subcortical infarcts, and WM disease (Craggs et al, 2014), and with hypertension as a major risk factor. Binswanger's disease, or subcortical leukoencephalopathy, is a type of SVD associated with typical arteriosclerotic leukoencephalopathy within deep WM (Cai et al, 2015). Arterial hardening leads to luminal narrowing or occlusion, resulting in chronic ischemia and multiple infarcts within the WM (Rosenberg et al, 2014).…”

Section: Age-related Vcidmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of cerebrovascular aging on vascular cognitive impairment and dementia

Yang

Sun

et al. 2017

Ageing Research Reviews

147

128

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As human life expectancy rises, the aged population will increase. Aging is accompanied by changes in tissue structure, often resulting in functional decline. For example, aging within blood vessels contributes to a decrease in blood flow to important organs, potentially leading to organ atrophy and loss of function. In the central nervous system, cerebral vascular aging can lead to loss of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, eventually resulting in cognitive and sensorimotor decline. One of the major of types of cognitive dysfunction due to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). In spite of recent progress in clinical and experimental VCID research, our understanding of vascular contributions to the pathogenesis of VCID is still very limited. In this review, we summarize recent findings on VCID, with a focus on vascular age-related pathologies and their contribution to the development of this condition.

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“…On the contrary, other authors provided evidence of signiicant white and gray mater abnormalities associated with cognitive dysfunction in patients with COPD without arterial hypoxemia or hypercapnia. Given the paucity in current evidence, more research is needed to evaluate the impact of cerebral small vessel disease on stroke and cognitive functioning in patients with COPD [69,70].…”

Section: Copd: Fundamental Pathophysiological Mechanisms Susceptible mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive Impairment as Systemic Effects of COPD

Oancea¹,

Tudorache²,

Tudorache³

2018

COPD - An Update in Pathogenesis and Clinical Management

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Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), also known as incipient dementia, is characterized by the decline of cognitive function greater than expected for a certain age and educational level of the individual but not severe enough to interfere with their daily activities. However, this mild cognitive impairment afects several areas: visuospatial, memory, atention and luency and it is a signiicant concern because it decreases the quality of life and treatment adherence of these patients. On the other hand, evidence suggests that individuals with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) also present an important risk of falls: 46% of these patients experience a fall/year, sometimes with fatal consequences. Standard clinical balance measures can predict the risk of falls in this population. Moreover, increased inlammatory biomarkers are associated with the decrease of cognitive functions and a higher risk of falls in this population. Patients with COPD have a higher balance and cognitive impairment than their healthy peers Therefore, it is important to identify, assess and understand the relevance of these comorbidities in order to characterize the full clinical spectrum of COPD and adjust prevention strategies, given the devastating consequences of these problems.

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Cerebral small vessel disease and Alzheimer’s disease

Cited by 88 publications

References 145 publications

Assessment of hemodynamic and vascular parameters in Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia and mild cognitive abnormalities: a pilot study

Assessment of hemodynamic and vascular parameters in Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia and mild cognitive abnormalities: a pilot study

The impact of cerebrovascular aging on vascular cognitive impairment and dementia

Neurocognitive Impairment as Systemic Effects of COPD

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