Cerebral Relaxation Times from Postmortem MR Imaging of Adults

Tashiro, Kazuya; Shiotani, Seiji; Kobayashi, Tomoya; Kaga, Kazunori; Saito, Hajime; Someya, Satoka; Miyamoto, Katsumi; Hayakawa, Hideyuki

doi:10.2463/mrms.2013-0126

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Since the brain is a forensic, highly relevant organ assessment of quantitative brain data is inevitable for that purpose [23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. In accordance to previous studies a temperature dependence mainly of the T1 values could be assessed in all investigated structures in cerebrum and brainstem/cerebellum [2,3,30,31]. This reinforces the need to perform temperature corrections on quantitative values.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Slightly elevated water content in the brain due to edema may also influence quantitative values. Along with changes of pH value and tissue temperature, this may explain why the postmortem quantification values of brain tissue, especially the T1 values, differ from the known in vivo values of T1 and T2 relaxation times [2]. In some of the investigated cases, the cause of death was intoxication which is frequently, but not obligatory, accompanied by severe brain edema.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Recently, post-mortem MR quantification has been introduced to the field of post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging (PMMR) [1][2][3][4][5]. By usage of a particular MR quantification sequence, T1 and T2 relaxation times (in milliseconds) and Proton density (PD in %, where 100 % is equivalent to pure water) of tissues can be quantified simultaneously [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to implement CAD in post-mortem forensic MR imaging, databases of quantitative values of regular tissues, pathologic tissue and tissue lesions have to be established for relevant organs and tissues. Since quantitative values of various tissues, especially T1 values have shown to be temperature dependent, there is a need for temperature correction of quantitative values [2][3][4]12]. So far, simultaneous quantification of T1, T2, and PD values in a post-mortem MR quantification setting has only been applied to thoraco-abdominal organs, tissues and body fluids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-mortem 1.5T MR quantification of regular anatomical brain structures

et al. 2016

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Recently, post-mortem MR quantification has been introduced to the field of post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging. By usage of a particular MR quantification sequence, T1 and T2 relaxation times and proton density (PD) of tissues and organs can be quantified simultaneously. The aim of the present basic research study was to assess the quantitative T1, T2, and PD values of regular anatomical brain structures for a 1.5T application and to correlate the assessed values with corpse temperatures. In a prospective study, 30 forensic cases were MR-scanned with a quantification sequence prior to autopsy. Body temperature was assessed during MR scans. In synthetically calculated T1, T2, and PD-weighted images, quantitative T1, T2 (both in ms) and PD (in %) values of anatomical structures of cerebrum (Group 1: frontal gray matter, frontal white matter, thalamus, internal capsule, caudate nucleus, putamen, and globus pallidus) and brainstem/cerebellum (Group 2: cerebral crus, substantia nigra, red nucleus, pons, cerebellar hemisphere, and superior cerebellar peduncle) were assessed. The investigated brain structures of cerebrum and brainstem/cerebellum could be characterized and differentiated based on a combination of their quantitative T1, T2, and PD values. MANOVA testing verified significant differences between the investigated anatomical brain structures among each other in Group 1 and Group 2 based on their quantitative values. Temperature dependence was observed mainly for T1 values, which were slightly increasing with rising temperature in the investigated brain structures in both groups. The results provide a base for future computer-aided diagnosis of brain pathologies and lesions in post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-mortem 1.5T MR quantification of regular anatomical brain structures

et al. 2016

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“…This can be suppressed by shortening the inversion time ( Figure 1b). [3][4][5][6] (2) Altered signal intensity of fat on T 2 weighted sequences: when body temperature decreases, the T 2 value of fat is decreased in a linear fashion, whereas the T 1 value is initially shortened and then subsequently prolonged. As a result, the signal intensity of fat is suppressed on T 2 weighted imaging when the body temperature is low ( Figure 2).…”

Section: Post-mortem Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-mortem CT and MRI: appropriate post-mortem imaging appearances and changes related to cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Offiah¹,

Dean²

2016

BJR

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Post-mortem cross-sectional imaging in the form of CT and, less frequently, MRI is an emerging facility in the evaluation of cause-of-death and human identification for the coronial service as well as in assisting the forensic investigation of suspicious deaths and homicide. There are marked differences between the radiological evaluation and interpretation of the CT and MRI features of the live patient (i.e. antemortem imaging) and the evaluation and interpretation of postmortem CT and MRI appearances. In addition to the absence of frequently utilized tissue enhancement following intravenous contrast administration in antemortem imaging, there are a number of variable changes which occur in the tissues and organs of the body as a normal process following death, some of which are, in addition, affected significantly by environmental factors. Many patients and victims will also have undergone aggressive attempts at cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the perimortem period which will also significantly alter post-mortem CT and MRI appearances. It is paramount that the radiologist and pathologist engaged in the interpretation of such post-mortem imaging are familiar with the appropriate non-pathological imaging changes germane to death, the post-mortem interval and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in order to avoid erroneously attributing such changes to trauma or pathology. Some of the more frequently encountered radiological imaging considerations of this nature will be reviewed. INTRODUCTIONPost-mortem cross-sectional imaging assessment in the form of CT and, less frequently, MRI has become an emerging phenomenon in the UK to assist the coronial service in identifying the cause of death non-invasively in individuals where circumstances are non-suspicious or nonhomicidal but where appropriate recent medical history is not available. Such imaging has also become a versatile addition to the armoury available to the forensic pathologist and crime scene investigating (police) authorities in the evaluation of suspicious and homicidal causes of death.

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