Cerebral Physiology of the Aged

Fazekas, Joseph F.; Alman, Ralph W.; Bessman, Alice N.

doi:10.1097/00000441-195203000-00003

Cited by 119 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Also, the mean value for CMRo, of 3.5 cc. 02 per 100 g. per minute in the untreated group did not differ significantly from that of the normal young men and was identical to the value obtained by Fazekas and his coworkers, in a normal group of comparable age (26). There was no significant correlation between basal metabolic rate and cerebral oxygen consumption in both the treated and untreated groups (r = -0.06, p > 0.1; r = -0.18, p > 0.1 respectively)..…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Consumption in Hyperthyroidism Before and After Treatment 1

Sokoloff¹,

Wechsler²,

Mangold³

et al. 1953

J. Clin. Invest.

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It is generally believed that the alterations in total body oxygen consumption which accompany functional disturbances of the thyroid gland reflect widespread metabolic changes in all cells and tissues (1, 2). Numerous studies have identified some of the tissues that participate in the over-all disturbance of metabolic rate. For example, in zitro, kidney, liver, heart, and skeletal muscle tissues of animals previously treated with thyroid substance or thyroxine display increased oxygen consumption (3-7), whereas kidney, liver and muscle of thyroidectomized animals show lower than normal oxygen consumptions (5, 8). In man, Myers, using the bromsulphalein method, found the splanchnic oxygen consumption in hyperthyroidism to be elevated out of proportion to the total body metabolic rate, although the splanchnic blood flow remained essentially unchanged (9).In the case of the metabolic rate of the brain, in vitro studies have yielded controversial results. Cohen and Gerard (10) have found considerably higher than normal rates of oxygen consumption in minced brain tissue of rats made hyperthyroid by the administration of thyroid substance. Similar results have been obtained by MacLeod and Reiss (11) who administered thyrotropic hormone following hypophysectomy. On the other hand, no such increases were found by Spirtes (12) or by Gordon and Heming (6), and Fazekas and associates (13) could find no difference from normal in the cortical oxygen consumption of both hyperthyroid and hypothyroid rats.Studies of the effect of desiccated thyroid substance on the cerebral metabolic rate of human subjects suffering from cretinism were made by Himwich and co-workers ( 14 tric flow recorder and cerebral arterio-venous oxygen differences, they found marked increases in cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen consumption following thyroid administration. Only relative changes could be measured by this method, however. By means of the nitrous oxide method, quantitative determinations of cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption in patients with hyperthyroidism have failed to demonstrate any significant differences from normal young men (15)(16)(17). On the other hand, in myxedema, a markedly reduced cerebral blood flow and metabolism and an elevated cerebral vascular resistance have been reported by Scheinberg and associates (18). Recently, Madison, Sensenbach and Ochs (19) have reported the results of a similar study on four hyperthyroid and four myxedematous subjects, the latter studied both before and after therapy. Using as normal controls the values obtained when the myxedematous subjects were made euthyroid by treatment, they failed to find in untreated myxedema the decrease in cerebral metabolic rate described by Scheinberg, although the circulatory findings were essentially the same. In their hyperthyroid group, however, in contrast to the previous studies of Sokoloff and his coworkers (15,16) and Scheinberg (17), Madison and coworkers (19) found the cerebral blood flow to be significantly elevated compared to that in ...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Consumption in Hyperthyroidism Before and After Treatment 1

Sokoloff¹,

Wechsler²,

Mangold³

et al. 1953

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Many methods, including the nitrous oxide, 23 133 xenon (Xe)-single-photon emission CT (SPECT), 9,17 Xe-CT, 24 positron-emission tomography (PET) 25,26 dynamic MR, 25,27 and perfusion CT, 24 have been used to measure the regional CBF. In most studies, 9,17,[23][24][25][26][27] CBF values were reported in terms of milliliters per 100 grams of brain tissue per minute, and in some studies CBFs were determined separately for white and gray matter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most studies, 9,17,[23][24][25][26][27] CBF values were reported in terms of milliliters per 100 grams of brain tissue per minute, and in some studies CBFs were determined separately for white and gray matter. In a study of the effect of age on the total CBF using nongated 2D PC MRA, 5 a factor of 10.81-12.14 was used in the correlation between the total CBF (milliliters per minute) from the 2D PC MRA and the total CBF (milliliters per minute 100 grams) from the nitrous oxide, 133 Xe-SPECT, Xe-CT, and PET.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Using Quantitative MR Angiography

Zhao¹,

Amin‐Hanjani²,

Ruland³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Neuroradiology

147

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“…Although this differenee was statistically significant, (p <.02) both values were "normal"' or slightly inereased for people in this age group. [9][10][11][12] In 10 persons with mild to nmoderate cardiac decomnpensation, relief of the congestive state was associated with a significant (p<.01) de-eline in cerebral blood flow. Mean arterial blood pressure also deereased significantly-(p<.02); cerebral vascular resistacee, on the other hand, remained unchanged.…”

Section: Measurements Of Cerebral Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 97%