Cerebral normoxia in the rhesus monkey during isofluraneor propofol‐induced hypotension and hypocapnia, despite disparate blood‐flow patterns

Enlund, Mats; Andersson, Jacob; Hartvig, Per; Valtysson, Johann; Wiklund, Lars

doi:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1997.tb04827.x

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The CBF spatial resolution reported here (1.5 mm isotropic resolution or 3.3 mm 3 ) is significantly higher than those reported previously in humans using MRI (3.75×3.75×5 mm or 70 mm 3 (Zaharchuk et al, 1999;Talagala et al, 2004)) and PET (4.2-mm isotropic resolution or 74 mm 3 (Enlund et al, 1997;Kudomi et al, 2005)). Such increase in spatial resolution is necessary and roughly compensates for the small brain volume of the rhesus monkey (89 cm 3 adult male and 71 cm 3 adult female (Franklin et al, 2000)) compared to adult human brain volume of ~1400 cm 3 (Milner, 1990).…”

Section: Sar and Optimal Asl Parameterscontrasting

confidence: 48%

“…Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI only reported a CBF GM/WM ratio in anesthetized monkeys (Pedersen et al, 2004). PET reported quantitative CBF of 23-43 ml/100 g/min (whole-brain) in propofol-anesthetized monkeys (Kudomi et al, 2005), and GM CBF value of 56-68 ml/100 g/min in the cortices and a WM CBF value of 34 ml/100 g/ min in ketamine-anesthetized monkeys (Enlund et al, 1997). Our CBF values in isofluraneanesthetized monkeys were high compared to those in awake humans and anesthetized monkeys.…”

Section: Cbf Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative basal CBF and CBF fMRI of rhesus monkeys using three-coil continuous arterial spin labeling

et al. 2007

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A three-coil continuous arterial-spin-labeling technique with a separate neck labeling coil was implemented on a Siemens 3T Trio for quantitative cerebral blood flow (CBF) and CBF fMRI measurements in non-human primates (rhesus monkeys). The optimal labeling power was 2 W, labeling efficiency was 92±2%, and optimal post-labeling delay was 0.8 s. Gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) were segmented based on T 1 maps. Quantitative CBF were obtained in 3 min with 1.5-mm isotropic resolution. Whole-brain average ΔS/S was 1.0-1.5%. GM CBF was 104±3 ml/100 g/min (n=6, SD) and WM CBF was 45±6 ml/100 g/min in isoflurane-anesthetized rhesus monkeys, with the CBF GM/WM ratio of 2.3±0.2. Combined CBF and BOLD (blood-oxygenationlevel-dependent) fMRI associated with hypercapnia and hyperoxia were made with 8-s temporal resolution. CBF fMRI responses to 5% CO 2 were 59±10% (GM) and 37±4% (WM); BOLD fMRI responses were 2.0±0.4% (GM) and 1.2±0.4% (WM). CBF fMRI responses to 100% O 2 were −9.4 ±2% (GM) and −3.9±2.6% (WM); BOLD responses were 2.4±0.7% (GM) and 0.8±0.2% (WM). The use of a separate neck coil for spin labeling significantly increased CBF signal-to-noise ratio and the use of small receive-only surface coil significantly increased signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution. This study sets the stage for quantitative perfusion imaging and CBF fMRI for neurological diseases in anesthetized and awake monkeys.

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Section: Sar and Optimal Asl Parameterscontrasting

confidence: 48%

Section: Cbf Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative basal CBF and CBF fMRI of rhesus monkeys using three-coil continuous arterial spin labeling

et al. 2007

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“…Propofol also decreases the cerebral metabolic rate of O 2 (Enlund et al, 1997) and cerebral metabolism (Alkire et al, 1995;Dam et al, 1990). However, it does not accumulate and this facilitates long term use (Hedenquist, Hellebrkers, 2003) and places it as the drug of choice for prospective animal fMRI studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propofol allows precise quantitative arterial spin labelling functional magnetic resonance imaging in the rat

et al. 2010

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M., Propofol allows precise quantitative arterial spin labelling functional magnetic resonance imaging in the rat, NeuroImage (2010), doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage. 2010.03.024 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT

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“…2). Isoflurane was reported to have intrinsic cerebral vasodilatory effects, and these effects were different between regions in humans (Matta et al, 1999) as well as rhesus macaques (Enlund et al, 1997). Effects of isoflurane were suggested to depend upon the balance between the isoflurane's intrinsic vasodilatory action and the vasoconstriction secondary to flow-metabolism coupling (Enlund et al, 1997;Hansen et al, 1989;Matta et al, 1995).…”

Section: ++mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Kinetic Rate Constants for 2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose and Partition Coefficient of Water in Conscious Macaques and Alterations in Aging or Anesthesia Examined on Parametric Images with an Anatomic Standardization Technique

Noda

Takamatsu

Minoshima

et al. 2003

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Summary: Kinetic rate constants for 2-[18 F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) and the tissue-blood partition coefficient of water were determined using dynamic positron emission tomography in conscious macaques, and alterations in these parameters in aging or anesthesia were also examined. The parameters were estimated on a pixel-by-pixel basis using an anatomic standardization technique; group differences were then examined on the parametric images from the young, aged, and anesthesia groups. For the conscious condition, seven young and seven aged male rhesus macaques were used; six young male rhesus macaques were used for the isoflurane anesthesia condition. H 2 15O and FDG were used as tracers. The kinetic parameters were estimated by a nonlinear least-square fitting procedure with compartment models including terms for the cerebral blood volume (CBV) and time delay of the input function. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (CMRglc) were also calculated from the estimated parameters. In the aged group, glucose phosphorylation was decreased more than glucose transport, and the occipital cortex was the most affected region where reduction in CBV, CMRglc, and CBF were also observed. In the anesthesia group, glucose transport was decreased; however, glucose phosphorylation was not affected except for the occipital pole. The occipital cortex was also the most affected region. The tissueblood partition coefficient of water was decreased globally. Key Words: Compartment analysis-Anatomic standardization-Cerebral glucose transport-Cerebral glucose phosphorylation-Tissue-blood partition coefficient. H 215 O and 2-[ 18 F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) are used for positron emission tomography (PET) to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (CMRglc). These tracers have been widely used in humans, and several studies have also been performed in macaques. Because glucose is the primary energy source for the mammalian brain and blood flow is continually adjusted to meet dynamic alterations in metabolic demand, CMRglc and CBF are useful and important parameters when investigating brain function. PET allows measurement of these parameters in various physiologic and pathologic states and also allows investigation of dynamic alterations in living subjects. In calculating CMRglc and CBF from PET data with a conventional autoradiographic method, kinetic rate constants of FDG and the tissue-blood partition coefficient of water are required. Though these constants for human PET studies are well established, those for animal PET studies are not. Therefore, in previous studies, the constants for humans were alternatively used for macaques. In the present study, these constants were determined in conscious macaques using dynamic PET.Dynamic PET also allows noninvasive investigation of the initial steps of metabolism with tracer kinetics modeling. Several dynamic PET studies in Alzheimer's disease (AD) demonstrated alterations in glucose transport, as well as phosphorylat...

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Cerebral normoxia in the rhesus monkey during isofluraneor propofol‐induced hypotension and hypocapnia, despite disparate blood‐flow patterns

Abstract: PET indicated adequate cerebral oxygenation during isoflurane and propofol anaesthesia, despite disparate blood-flow patterns. Hypotension and concomitant moderate hyperventilation reduced rCBF, but did not result in hypoxia.

Cited by 32 publications

References 31 publications

Quantitative basal CBF and CBF fMRI of rhesus monkeys using three-coil continuous arterial spin labeling

Quantitative basal CBF and CBF fMRI of rhesus monkeys using three-coil continuous arterial spin labeling

Propofol allows precise quantitative arterial spin labelling functional magnetic resonance imaging in the rat

Determination of Kinetic Rate Constants for 2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose and Partition Coefficient of Water in Conscious Macaques and Alterations in Aging or Anesthesia Examined on Parametric Images with an Anatomic Standardization Technique

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Cerebral normoxia in the rhesus monkey during isofluraneor propofol‐induced hypotension and hypocapnia, despite disparate blood‐flow patterns

Abstract: PET indicated adequate cerebral oxygenation during isoflurane and propofol anaesthesia, despite disparate blood-flow patterns. Hypotension and concomitant moderate hyperventilation reduced rCBF, but did not result in hypoxia.

Cited by 32 publications

References 31 publications

Quantitative basal CBF and CBF fMRI of rhesus monkeys using three-coil continuous arterial spin labeling

Quantitative basal CBF and CBF fMRI of rhesus monkeys using three-coil continuous arterial spin labeling

Propofol allows precise quantitative arterial spin labelling functional magnetic resonance imaging in the rat

Determination of Kinetic Rate Constants for 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose and Partition Coefficient of Water in Conscious Macaques and Alterations in Aging or Anesthesia Examined on Parametric Images with an Anatomic Standardization Technique

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Determination of Kinetic Rate Constants for 2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose and Partition Coefficient of Water in Conscious Macaques and Alterations in Aging or Anesthesia Examined on Parametric Images with an Anatomic Standardization Technique