Cerebral microdialysis combined with single-neuron and electroencephalographic recording in neurosurgical patients

Fried, Itzhak; Wilson, Charles L.; Maidment, Nigel T.; Engel, Jerome; Behnke, Eric; Fields, Tony; Macdonald, K.; Morrow, Jack W.; Ackerson, Larry C.

doi:10.3171/jns.1999.91.4.0697

Cited by 200 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Each clinical electrode terminated with a set of nine 40 m platinum-iridium microwires (Fried et al, 1999). The first eight microwires were insulated except for their tip and were used to record single-unit action potentials and LFPs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Oscillations Control Timing of Single-Neuron Activity in Humans

Jacobs¹,

Kahana²,

Ekstrom³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

336

291

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A growing body of animal research suggests that neurons represent information not only in terms of their firing rates but also by varying the timing of spikes relative to neuronal oscillations. Although researchers have argued that this temporal coding is critical in human memory and perception, no supporting data from humans have been reported. This study provides the first analysis of the temporal relationship between brain oscillations and single-neuron activity in humans. Recording from 1924 neurons, we find that neuronal activity in various brain regions increases at specific phases of brain oscillations. Neurons in widespread brain regions were phase locked to oscillations in the theta-(4 -8 Hz) and gamma-(30 -90 Hz) frequency bands. In hippocampus, phase locking was prevalent in the delta-(1-4 Hz) and gamma-frequency bands. Individual neurons were phase locked to various phases of theta and delta oscillations, but they only were active at the trough of gamma oscillations. These findings provide support for the temporal-coding hypothesis in humans. Specifically, they indicate that theta and delta oscillations facilitate phase coding and that gamma oscillations help to decode combinations of simultaneously active neurons.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Oscillations Control Timing of Single-Neuron Activity in Humans

Jacobs¹,

Kahana²,

Ekstrom³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

336

291

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At the tips of each depth electrode was a set of nine 40-m platinum-iridium microwires; the ninth microwire had a lower impedance and served as a reference, and the other 8 microwires provided possible cellular signals. Anatomical locations of electrodes were verified via postplacement MRI scans and images created by fusing CT scans taken while electrodes were implanted with high-resolution MRI scans taken immediately before implantation (46). Signals from each microwire were amplified, digitally sampled at 28 kHz, and bandpass filtered between 1 and 9 kHz (Neuralynx).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human medial temporal lobe neurons respond preferentially to personally relevant images

Viskontas

Quiroga

Fried

2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

113

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People with whom one is personally acquainted tend to elicit richer and more vivid memories than people with whom one does not have a personal connection. Recent findings from neurons in the human medial temporal lobe ( epilepsy ͉ hippocampus ͉ memory ͉ familiarity ͉ single-unit recordings H umans are self-absorbed by nature. One virtually infallible method of enhancing memory is simply to relate the to-be-remembered information to one's self. The self-reference effect (1) is a well-documented encoding enhancement: people are more likely to remember items that are personally relevant, than items that have undergone some other deep or semantically elaborative encoding processes (2). One mechanism by which the self-referent effect might operate is via the incidental recollection of a rich network of information related to past experiences with that particular item. In addition, incidental recollection of related autobiographical associations can lead to performance advantages such as enhanced memory and speeded responding (3). This incidental recollection has been shown to occur in the context of identifying famous people (3), and has also been shown to involve the hippocampus (4, 5). Furthermore, famous faces and names have long been used to query the integrity of recent and remote semantic memory in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) (3, 6-11). Finally, autobiographical memory retrieval consistently engages the medial temporal lobe (12), suggesting that cells in this region may respond differentially to faces that elicit autobiographical memory retrieval.Recently, recordings from the human medial temporal lobe (MTL) have shown that individual neurons can be highly selective in terms of the stimuli to which they respond (13). Out of a set of about 100 visual images across several categories, such as faces, animals, and landmarks, some cells showed robust responses to only a handful of pictures pertaining to a single conceptual category, such a particular famous person. This selectivity provides an important clue as to the mechanism by which the brain represents information currently in awareness (14). In animals, selective sparse coding has also been observed in recordings from the MTL (15, 16). In fact, the idea that the MTL represents information using a sparse code is one of the basic tenets of most contemporary memory models (17)(18)(19). Given that the MTL assigns a relatively small number of neurons to a specific stimulus (20), and that the number of stimuli in the environment is very large, does a feature such as personal relevance, which may be related to the incidental recollection of autobiographically significant information (3), make a stimulus more likely to elicit a selective excitatory response from a cell? Here, we address the question of whether individual neurons in the MTL show a preference for personally relevant pictures.In this study, patients with intracranial electrodes implanted for clinical reasons were shown photographs of varying personal relevance: previously unknown faces and...

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“…Recording HFOs requires an EEG sampling rate [1000 Hz. Spontaneous interictal HFOs were first recorded at the University of California, Los Angeles, using microelectrodes in patients with mTLE [12][13][14]. Ripples were recorded maximally in the bilateral hippocampus and entorhinal cortex in these patients during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep.…”

Section: High-frequency Oscillationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances of Intracranial Electroencephalography in Localizing the Epileptogenic Zone

Jin

Wang

2016

Neurosci. Bull.

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Intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) provides the best precision in estimating the location and boundary of an epileptogenic zone. Analysis of iEEG in the routine EEG frequency range (0.5-70 Hz) remains the basis in clinical practice. Low-voltage fast activity is the most commonly reported ictal onset pattern in neocortical epilepsy, and low-frequency high-amplitude repetitive spiking is the most commonly reported ictal onset pattern in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Recent studies using wideband EEG recording have demonstrated that examining higher (80-1000 Hz) and lower (0.016-0.5 Hz) EEG frequencies can provide additional diagnostic information and help to improve the surgical outcome. In addition, novel computational techniques of iEEG signal analysis have provided new insights into the epileptic network. Here, we review some of these recent advances. Although these sophisticated and advanced techniques of iEEG analysis show promise in localizing the epileptogenic zone, their utility needs to be further validated in larger studies.

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Cerebral microdialysis combined with single-neuron and electroencephalographic recording in neurosurgical patients

Cited by 200 publications

References 30 publications

Brain Oscillations Control Timing of Single-Neuron Activity in Humans

Brain Oscillations Control Timing of Single-Neuron Activity in Humans

Human medial temporal lobe neurons respond preferentially to personally relevant images

Advances of Intracranial Electroencephalography in Localizing the Epileptogenic Zone

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