Cerebral Microbleeds, Vascular Risk Factors, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Markers: The Northern Manhattan Study

Abstract

BackgroundCerebral microbleeds (CMBs) represent intracerebral hemorrhages due to amyloid angiopathy or exposure to modifiable risk factors. Few community‐based stroke‐free studies including blacks and Hispanics have been done.Methods and ResultsThe Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS) is a stroke‐free, racially and ethnically diverse cohort study. Brain MRI was performed in 1290 participants, 925 of whom had available T2* gradient‐recall echo data. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the association of sociodemographics, vascular risk factors, apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, and brain MRI markers with CMB presence and location. The prevalence of CMBs in our cohort was 5%. Of the 46 participants with CMBs, 37% had only deep CMBs, 48% had only lobar CMBs, and 15% had CMBs in both locations. The difference in CMB distribution was not statistically significant across race/ethnic group or APOE genotype. In multivariable analyses, age (OR [95% CI]: 1.09 [1.04, 1.15]) and SBIs (2.58 [1.01, 6.59]) were positively associated with CMB presence, and diabetes medication use was negatively associated (0.25 [0.07, 0.86]).Conclusions CMBs may represent the severity of vascular disease in this racially and ethnically diverse cohort. Larger studies are needed to elucidate the association between diabetes medication use and CMB presence.

Neuroimaging Correlates of Cerebral Microbleeds

“…18, 19 In the ARIC study, no significant difference in risk of CMB presence or location were detected by race. Two prior racially and ethnically diverse studies on CMBs revealed no difference in CMB frequency between black, white and Hispanic individuals 20, 21 . Despite the association of CMBs with imaging markers of small-vessel disease, diabetes was not associated with CMBs in the present study or in the Framingham or Rotterdam studies.…”

A relationship between the integrated assessment of magnetic resonance imaging markers for cerebral small vessel disease and the clinical and functional status in the acute period of ischemic stroke

“…ЦМК обнаружены у 44% пациентов, что соответствует данным литературы, со-гласно которым маркер обнаруживается у 35-71% пациен-тов с ИИ [8]. Указанная частота выявления ЦМК значи-тельно выше, чем в популяции, -5% по данным обследова-ния когорты The Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS) [9].…”

The effect of cerebral microbleeds on prognosis in intracerebral hematomas and analysis of risk factors

“…Serebral mikrokanamalar (SMK) çapı 5 mm'den küçük, yuvarlak ve hemosiderin gibi kan yıkım ürünlerine duyarlı T2 gradient EKO sekanslarında hipointens görünen lezyonlardır (3,4,5). SMK normal yaşlanma ile artış gösterebilir, ancak aynı zamanda hipertansiyon gibi vasküler risk faktörleri, serebrovasküler hastalıklar, kognitif performans ve alzheimer hastalığıyla da ilişkili olabileceği bildirilmiştir (3,5).…”

“…SMK normal yaşlanma ile artış gösterebilir, ancak aynı zamanda hipertansiyon gibi vasküler risk faktörleri, serebrovasküler hastalıklar, kognitif performans ve alzheimer hastalığıyla da ilişkili olabileceği bildirilmiştir (3,5).…”

“…Ancak çok az çalışma intraserebral hematomlarda SMK'ların dağılım ve prevelansını araştırmıştır, genel populasyondaki prevalansı %3-27 arasındadır. SMK histolojik olarak eritrositlerin önceki ekstravazasyonundan kalan hemosiderin yüklü makrofaj odaklarına karşılık gelir (2,3,4,5 (1). Sessiz SMK'lar yaşlı sağlıklı populasyonda %3-6 arasındadır, yaşla birlikte prevelansı giderek artar ve 80 yaş civarında %35'e kadar yükselir (1,2).…”