Cerebral Glucose Utilization in Polysubstance Abuse

Stapleton, June M.; Morgan, Michael J.; Phillips, Robert L.; Wong, Dean F.; Yung, Babington C. K.; Shaya, Elias K.; Dannals, Robert F.; Liu, Xiang; Grayson, R. F.; London, Edythe D.

doi:10.1016/0893-133x(94)00132-j

Cited by 49 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This finding adds to growing evidence associating prefrontal abnormalities with abuse of various substances (Stapleton et al, 1995; Volkow et al, 1991). Using structural MRI, Schlaepfer and colleagues (2006) found that chronic substance abusers’ frontal lobe tissues contained a lower proportion of white matter than those of matched controls.…”

Section: Structural Mrisupporting

confidence: 70%

Imaging the Addicted Human Brain

Fowler

Volkow²,

Kassed³

et al. 2007

SPP

172

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Modern imaging techniques enable researchers to observe drug actions and consequences as they occur and persist in the brains of abusing and addicted individuals. This article presents the five most commonly used techniques, explains how each produces images, and describes how researchers interpret them. The authors give examples of key findings illustrating how each technique has extended and deepened our knowledge of the neurobiological bases of drug abuse and addiction, and they address potential clinical and therapeutic applications.

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Section: Structural Mrisupporting

confidence: 70%

Imaging the Addicted Human Brain

Fowler

Volkow²,

Kassed³

et al. 2007

SPP

172

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show abstract

“…Studies conducted using single emission computed tomography (SPECT) and PET techniques have revealed cerebral perfusion and metabolic abnormalities in opiatedependent subjects (e.g., Christensen et al 1996;Danos et al 1998;Galynker et al 2000;Kaufman et al 1999;Krystal et al 1995;Levin et al 1995;London et al 1989;Rose et al 1996;Stapleton et al 1995). These abnormalities may contribute to the behavioral and functional deficits found in this population.…”

Section: Neuroimagingmentioning

confidence: 95%

Neuropsychological Consequences of Opiate Use

2007

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Approximately 3.7 million individuals have used heroin and other opiate substances in their lifetime. Despite increasing knowledge of the effects of heroin, it remains the most abused opiate and use among adults has recently increased. The empirical literature examining the neurocognitive effects of acute and chronic opioid use remains limited; however, findings to date suggest that the use of opiates has both acute and long-term effects on cognitive performance. Neuropsychological data indicate deficits in attention, concentration, recall, visuospatial skills and psychomotor speed with both acute and chronic opioid use. The long-term effects of opiate use appear to have the greatest impact on executive functions, including the ability to shift cognitive set and inhibit inappropriate response tendencies. Factors that contribute to addiction and recovery are also discussed, as it is difficult to disentangle the effects of opiate use on cognitive performance from other factors that may affect neurobehavioral measures.

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“…Moreover, neuroimaging studies have revealed metabolic, morphological, and functional differences between drug users and control participants in a distributed network of frontal brain areas involved in cognitive-control functions, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), orbitofrontal and ventromedial PFC, and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (e.g. Bolla et al, 2004;Eldreth et al, 2004;Hester and Garavan, 2004;Kaufman et al, 2003;Liu et al, 1998;Matochik et al, 2003;Stapleton et al, 1995;Volkow et al, 1992; for reviews see Bechara et al, 2006;Garavan and Stout, 2005;Kalivas and Volkow, 2005;Lubman et al, 2004).…”

Section: Impaired Cognitive and Volitional Control Functions In Sudsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why people change? The role of cognitive-control processes in the onset and cessation of substance abuse disorders

Bühringer

Wittchen

Gottlebe

et al. 2008

Int. J. Methods Psychiatr. Res.

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Deficiencies in our understanding of behaviour-change processes during the onset and cessation of SUDs require that research have a different focus. A better understanding of the relevance of impairments in executive-control functions might help to improve formal preventative and therapeutic interventions and social conditions. Such interventions might reduce the chances that a SUD will develop or increase the likelihood of recovery from it.

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Cerebral Glucose Utilization in Polysubstance Abuse

Cited by 49 publications

References 38 publications

Imaging the Addicted Human Brain

Imaging the Addicted Human Brain

Neuropsychological Consequences of Opiate Use

Why people change? The role of cognitive-control processes in the onset and cessation of substance abuse disorders

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