Cerebral glucose metabolism in the striate cortex positively correlates with fractional anisotropy values of the optic radiation in patients with glaucoma

Murai, Hideki; Suzuki, Yukihisa; Kiyosawa, Motohiro; Tokumaru, Aya M.; Ishiwata, Kiichi

doi:10.1111/ceo.12543

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…Differences of microstructure in white matter structures have been found in the optic nerve, optic tracts, optic chiasm, optic radiations, and occipital lobe. These results were obtained in studies including POAG (Garaci et al, 2009 ; El-Rafei et al, 2011 , 2013 ; Engelhorn et al, 2011 ; Bolacchi et al, 2012 ; Nucci et al, 2012 ; Zhang et al, 2012 ; Zikou et al, 2012 ; Chen Z. et al, 2013 ; Lu et al, 2013 ; Michelson et al, 2013 ; Frezzotti et al, 2014 , 2016 ; Kaushik et al, 2014 ; Omodaka et al, 2014 ; Schoemann et al, 2014 ; Sidek et al, 2014 ; Murai et al, 2015 ; Tellouck et al, 2016 ; Zhou et al, 2017a ; Giorgio et al, 2018 ), NTG (Boucard et al, 2016 ) and PACG (Wang et al, 2013 ) patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies using DTI demonstrated glaucomatous degeneration of the optic nerve (Garaci et al, 2009 ; Bolacchi et al, 2012 ; Nucci et al, 2012 ; Zhang et al, 2012 ; Wang et al, 2013 ; Omodaka et al, 2014 ), optic tract (Chen Z. et al, 2013 ; Frezzotti et al, 2014 , 2016 ; Kaushik et al, 2014 ; Zhou et al, 2017a ; Giorgio et al, 2018 ), and optic radiation (Garaci et al, 2009 ; El-Rafei et al, 2011 , 2013 ; Engelhorn et al, 2011 ; Hernowo et al, 2011 ; Bolacchi et al, 2012 ; Chen Z. et al, 2013 ; Lu et al, 2013 ; Michelson et al, 2013 ; Frezzotti et al, 2014 , 2016 ; Kaushik et al, 2014 ; Schoemann et al, 2014 ; Sidek et al, 2014 ; Gerente et al, 2015 ; Huang et al, 2015 ; Murai et al, 2015 ; Tellouck et al, 2016 ; Jiang et al, 2017 ; Zhou et al, 2017a ; Giorgio et al, 2018 ). These findings are corroborated by other techniques, such as VBM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, the same study demonstrated a high prevalence (80%) of microangiopathic lesions within the optic radiation supporting the concept of retrograde degeneration of RGCs starting from the optic radiation. Moreover, axonal impairment of optic radiation studied with DTI demonstrated good correlation with cerebral glucose hypometabolism in the striate cortex of POAG patients (Murai et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes of Visual Pathway and Brain Connectivity in Glaucoma: A Systematic Review

2018

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Background: Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. The increasing interest in the involvement of the cortical visual pathway in glaucomatous patients is due to the implications in recent therapies, such as neuroprotection and neuroregeneration.Objective: In this review, we outline the current understanding of brain structural, functional, and metabolic changes detected with the modern techniques of neuroimaging in glaucomatous subjects.Methods: We screened MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, LILACS, Trip Database, and NICE for original contributions published until 31 October 2017. Studies with at least six patients affected by any type of glaucoma were considered. We included studies using the following neuroimaging techniques: functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), voxel- based Morphometry (VBM), surface-based Morphometry (SBM), diffusion tensor MRI (DTI).Results: Over a total of 1,901 studies, 56 case series with a total of 2,381 patients were included. Evidence of neurodegenerative process in glaucomatous patients was found both within and beyond the visual system. Structural alterations in visual cortex (mainly reduced cortex thickness and volume) have been demonstrated with SBM and VBM; these changes were not limited to primary visual cortex but also involved association visual areas. Other brain regions, associated with visual function, demonstrated a certain grade of increased or decreased gray matter volume. Functional and metabolic abnormalities resulted within primary visual cortex in all studies with fMRI and MRS. Studies with rs-fMRI found disrupted connectivity between the primary and higher visual cortex and between visual cortex and associative visual areas in the task-free state of glaucomatous patients.Conclusions: This review contributes to the better understanding of brain abnormalities in glaucoma. It may stimulate further speculation about brain plasticity at a later age and therapeutic strategies, such as the prevention of cortical degeneration in patients with glaucoma. Structural, functional, and metabolic neuroimaging methods provided evidence of changes throughout the visual pathway in glaucomatous patients. Other brain areas, not directly involved in the processing of visual information, also showed alterations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Changes of Visual Pathway and Brain Connectivity in Glaucoma: A Systematic Review

2018

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“…PET imaging studies have demonstrated increased glial activity in the lateral geniculate nucleus of experimental glaucoma monkey models [146]. In addition, reduced glucose metabolism in the striate cortex and cholinergic abnormalities within the visual cortex of glaucoma patients have been demonstrated using proton MR spectroscopy [147,148]. These findings, taken together with future observations from metabolomic studies could aid in forming a more comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiology of glaucoma.…”

Section: R I P Tmentioning

confidence: 95%

Innovations and revolutions in reducing retinal ganglion cell loss in glaucoma

Kelada

Hill²,

Yap

et al. 2020

Expert Review of Ophthalmology

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Introduction: Glaucoma remains the leading cause of irreversible blindness. Although the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is an established hallmark of glaucoma, reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) is a widely used evidence-based management approach, even in normotensive patients. However, despite optimal pressure control, some patients progress to lose vision. Areas covered: This review provides a summary of latest methods aimed at reducing RGC loss with the objective of preserving vision, categorised by mechanism of action. We discuss both the newest ways in which IOP can be reduced, alongside 'pressureindependent' pharmacological therapies and developments in bioengineering. The conducted PubMed search included the terms: "glaucoma pathophysiology", "IOP-lowering agents", "retinal ganglion cell apoptosis", "neuroprotection", "stem cells", "imaging".

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“…The structure of the white matter has been studied using indirect (DTI) and direct (VBM) methods. These studies have shown the presence of structural microalterations along the entire visual pathway, involving the optic nerve, [35][36][37][38][39][40] optic tract, [41][42][43][44][45][46] optic radiation 35,36,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] up to visual areas BA17, BA18 and BA19 at occipital lobe level [60][61][62] [Figure 1]. These findings are based on the analysis of fractional anisotropy (FA), i.e.…”

Section: Analysis Of Morphological and Functionalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Modifications in Glaucoma and Macular Degeneration: Analysis of Current Evidence in Literature and Their Implications on Therapeutic Perspectives

Nuzzi¹,

Vitale²

2021

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Glaucoma and macular degeneration are leading causes of irreversible blindness, significantly compromising the quality of life and having a high economic and social impact. Promising therapeutic approaches aimed at regenerating or bypassing the damaged anatomical-functional components are currently under development: these approaches have generated great expectations, but to be effective require a visual network that, despite the pathology, maintains its integrity up to the higher brain areas. In the light of this, the existing findings concerning how the central nervous system modifies its connections following the pathological damage caused by glaucoma and macular degeneration acquire great interest. This review aims to examine the scientific literature concerning the morphological and functional changes affecting the central nervous system in these pathological conditions, summarizing the evidence in an analytical way, discussing their possible causes and highlighting the potential repercussions on the current therapeutic perspectives.

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Cerebral glucose metabolism in the striate cortex positively correlates with fractional anisotropy values of the optic radiation in patients with glaucoma

Abstract: Background: It has recently become clear that glaucoma is not only an ocular disease, but involves central visual pathways as well. The purpose of this study was to examine functional and structural alterations in the brains of glaucoma patients.

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Changes of Visual Pathway and Brain Connectivity in Glaucoma: A Systematic Review

Changes of Visual Pathway and Brain Connectivity in Glaucoma: A Systematic Review

Innovations and revolutions in reducing retinal ganglion cell loss in glaucoma

Cerebral Modifications in Glaucoma and Macular Degeneration: Analysis of Current Evidence in Literature and Their Implications on Therapeutic Perspectives

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