Cerebral Blood Flow During Induced Epileptiform Seizures in Animals and Man

Penfield, Wilder; Sántha, Kálmán; Cipriani, André

doi:10.1152/jn.1939.2.4.257

Cited by 160 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…For example, Cobb & Talbott (1927) found an increase in the vascularity of the olfactory bulb of rabbits when the nasal mucosa was stimulated with ammonia fumes. Many other examples of an increased blood supply occurring in an active region of the brain can be cited (Alexander & R6v6cz, 1912;Schmidt & Pierson, 1934; Gerard & Serota, 1936;Schmidt & Hendrix, 1937;Serota & Gerard, 1938;Penfield, von Santha & Cipriani, 1939). More recently, Ingvar & Risberg (1967) traced regional vasodilator responses in conscious man during mental activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of adenosine triphosphate and some derivatives on cerebral blood flow and metabolism.

Forrester¹,

Harper²,

MacKenzie³

et al. 1979

The Journal of Physiology

123

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SUMMARY1. Responses of cerebral blood vessels to peri-and intravascular doses of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and some derivatives were studied in cat and baboon.2. Perivascular application of ATP to cat pial arterioles gave a threshold dilatory effect at a concentration of 10-11 M. This figure is comparable to the amount of ATP calculated to be released from electrically stimulated brain slices.3. It is concluded that adenine nucleotides have a major role to play in the local control of cerebral blood flow. 4. Intracarotid injection of ATP showed a calculated threshold effect at 4 x lVh8 M in the cat and 4 x 10-9 M in the baboon.5. The threshold response of the vasculature to intracarotid adenosine lay between 4 x 10-7 M and 4 x 106 M in the baboon. Little effect was produced with AMP, pyrophosphate and inorganic phosphate.6. Intracarotid ATP increased the oxygen consumption of the baboon brain parenchyma. This effect was attributed in part to an elevation of the cellular cyclic AMP levels.7. Osmotic disruption of the blood-brain barrier in baboon did not affect the vasodilatory or metabolic effect of intracarotid ATP.8. It is postulated that circulating purine compounds mediate a form of metabolic communication in the body. Also, release of purine compounds from active local nerves might influence cerebral blood flow.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of adenosine triphosphate and some derivatives on cerebral blood flow and metabolism.

Forrester¹,

Harper²,

MacKenzie³

et al. 1979

The Journal of Physiology

123

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“…dence of seizure (24). Based on these observations, it can be concluded that measurable alterations in blood flow and metabolism closely follow ictal EEG change.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 82%

Periictal SPECT Localization Verified by Simultaneous Intracranial EEG

et al. 1999

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Summary: Purpose: We investigated whether blood-flow changes measured by ictal or immediate postictal single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) reflect with accuracy the actual location of ictal discharge as measured by simultaneous intracranial EEG. In addition, we evaluated the reliability of ictal SPECT obtained with implanted electrodes by comparing results with those of ictal SPECT performed during scalp EEG monitoring in selected patients.Methods: Eleven patients with intractable partial epilepsy who had both ictal and interictal SPECT scans during invasive EEG monitoring were studied. We analyzed perfusion differences based on registration, normalization, and subtraction of periictal and interictal SPECT images. SPECT results were interpreted in relation to location and evolution of ictal EEG change, as reflected by simultaneous intracranial EEG. In five patients, we also compared ictal SPECT results that were obtained during both scalp and intracranial EEG monitoring.Results: In 10 of 1 1 patients, localized increases or decreases in blood flow or both were identified in regions of ongoing or prior seizure discharge, respectively, at the time of SPECT brain perfusion. In one patient, SPECT localization could not be verified by the available electrode array.Conclusions: Localization of ictal discharge during or before SPECT injection accurately determines increase or decrease in perfusion, respectively, and both are of equal validity in reflecting the region of epileptic discharge. SPECT perfusion changes can be reliably obtained during intracranial monitoring.

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“…It is generally agreed that the increase in CBF reaches a maxi mum 3 min after the seizure has passed and thereafter decreases steadily. Penfield et al [1939] felt that this increase in CBF was the result of the elevated cerebral metabolism which occurred during the fit. M eyer et al [1961] agreed with this view but added increased arterial PC 02 and ele vation of blood pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Effects of ECT on the Cerebral Circulation in Man

Doust¹,

Barchha²,

Lee³

et al. 1974

Eur Neurol

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The acute cerebral haemodynamic effects of modified ECT were monitored by electrical impedance piethysmography in four patients with schizophrenia and three with depression. A total of 20 recordings were made on these patients; of these, 19 involved the following segments, in sequence: a rest period of 25–115 min, a short period in which Atropine, Brietal, and succinylcholine were given by injection, administration of the ECT, monitoring of post-ECT effects for 10 min, and, finally, a recovery period of up to 120 min was recorded. An identical procedure, save for the omission of ECT in one of the patients, formed the 20th recording. Results were considered significant if they were given by a majority of the 19 ECT recordings. No impedance changes took place during the pre-drug resting period nor following the pre-medication drugs. The acute effects of ECT were shown by electrical impedance changes during the 10 min immediately following it. These implied a surging increase in CBF and persisted during the recovery phase. No such changes occurred when ECT was omitted, and the results suggested that these cerebral circulatory changes formed part of the therapeutic action of ECT.

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Cerebral Blood Flow During Induced Epileptiform Seizures in Animals and Man

Cited by 160 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of adenosine triphosphate and some derivatives on cerebral blood flow and metabolism.

Effect of adenosine triphosphate and some derivatives on cerebral blood flow and metabolism.

Periictal SPECT Localization Verified by Simultaneous Intracranial EEG

Acute Effects of ECT on the Cerebral Circulation in Man

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