Cerebral Blood Flow Abnormalities in Adults with Infantile Autism

George, Mark S.; Costa, Durval C.; Kouris, Kypros; Ring, Howard; Ell, Peter J.

doi:10.1097/00005053-199207000-00002

Cited by 90 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…MRI studies have shown that there are parietal abnormalities in over 30% of individuals with autism (Courchesne et al, 1993) and using Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), reduced blood flow within the parietal region has also been detected (George et al, 1992). Furthermore, when performing neuropsychological tests of parietal functioning, individuals with autism score poorly irrespective of intelligence level (Haas et al, 1996).…”

Section: Parietal Lobe Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A handful of PET and MRI studies have indicated the presence of damage in this region (Gaffney et al, 1989;Hashimoto et al, 1989;Siegel, Jr. et al, 1992) but these findings have not been widely replicated. SPECT studies have highlighted a reduction in blood flow (George et al, 1992) which, it has been suggested, is the result of a delay in frontal cortex maturation in individuals with autism (Zilbovicius et al, 1995). More recent studies demonstrate that children with ASD have abnormally large frontal lobes (Carper & Courchesne, 2000; which may reflect a lack of synaptogenesis in early life (Belmonte et al, 2004).…”

Section: Prefrontal Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective Attention and Perceptual Load in Autism Spectrum Disorder

et al. 2009

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This thesis examines selective attention in young adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Existing literature regarding this issue is mixed; some research suggesting an overly-focused attentional style (Rincover & Ducharme, 1987) while others highlight an abnormally broad attentional lens (Burack, 1994).The research presented here has, for the first time, examined selective attention in individuals with ASD using a theoretically-led approach based on Lavie's Load Theory of attention and cognitive control (Lavie et al., 2004). Load theory states that the perceptual load (amount of potentially task relevant information) of a task affects selective attention. This theory may explain the equivocal findings in the current data on selective attention and ASD.Using behavioural measures, the pattern of selective attention under various levels of load was explored in individuals with ASD and matched controls. The results provide evidence of increased perceptual capacity in ASD. This means that, at any one time, individuals with ASD may be able to process more information from the visual environment. This increase in capacity was evident on tasks of both unconscious and conscious perception.In light of the social deficits observed in the condition, the work in this thesis also explored selective attention in the presence of social distractor stimuli. Results indicated that faces are less salient for individuals with ASD and, unlike for typical adults, are not processed in an automatic and mandatory fashion. These results bring together findings on selective attention with work on social processing in an attempt to find basic abnormalities which might be fundamental in explaining the disorder. 4For Guy 5

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Section: Parietal Lobe Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prefrontal Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Attention and Perceptual Load in Autism Spectrum Disorder

et al. 2009

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“…Multiple independent single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) research studies have demonstrated hypoperfusion to several areas of the autistic brain, most notably the temporal lobes [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. Several studies show that reduced blood flow to the temporal regions and other brain areas correlates with many of the clinical findings associated with autism including repetitive, self-stimulatory and stereotypical behaviors, and impairments in communication, sensory perception, and social interaction [27,29,31,[39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Improving Cerebral Hypoperfusion In Autismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy may improve symptoms in autistic children

Rossignol

Rossignol²

2006

Medical Hypotheses

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“…Similar to our results, several studies involving Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease (with deficient cognitive response and/ or dementia), epileptic and autistic subjects showed a similar deficient brain response to the SCI subject. These brain perfusion responses were characterized by low CBFV (Claassen et al 2009;Shih et al 1999;Rombouts et al 2005;Derejko et al 2006;Standring 2008;George et al 1992). Regarding epilepsy, the CBFV decrease was highlighted during abscence attacks (by 70 %) (Fisher et al 2005;Bode 1992;Diehl et al 1997;Joo et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cerebral blood flow evaluation during cognitive tasks following a cervical spinal cord injury: a case study using transcranial Doppler recordings

Bleton

Sejdić

2015

Cogn Neurodyn

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A spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most common neurological disorders. In this paper, we examined the consequences of upper SCI in a male participant on the cerebral blood flow velocity. In particular, transcranial Doppler was used to study these effects through middle cerebral arteries (MCA) during resting-state periods and during cognitive challenges (non-verbal word-generation tasks and geometric-rotation tasks). Signal characteristics were analyzed from raw signals and envelope signals (maximum velocity) in the time domain, the frequency domain and the time-frequency domain. The frequency features highlighted an increase of the peak frequency in L-MCA and R-MCA raw signals, which revealed stronger cerebral blood flow during geometric/verbal processes respectively. This underlined a slight dominance of the right hemisphere during word-generation periods and a slight dominance of the left hemisphere during geometric processes. This finding was confirmed by cross-correlation in the time domain and by the entropy rate in informationtheoretic domain. A comparison of our results to other neurological disorders (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, autism, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury) showed that the SCI had similar effects such as general decreased cerebral blood flow and similar regular hemispheric dominance in a few cases.

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Cerebral Blood Flow Abnormalities in Adults with Infantile Autism

Cited by 90 publications

References 0 publications

Selective Attention and Perceptual Load in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Selective Attention and Perceptual Load in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy may improve symptoms in autistic children

A cerebral blood flow evaluation during cognitive tasks following a cervical spinal cord injury: a case study using transcranial Doppler recordings

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