Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation Recurrence After Complete Surgical Excision in an Adult: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Angiographically confirmed complete surgical excision of brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) is conventionally considered curative. Recurrence in adults is rarely encountered; only 18 cases have been reported in the English literature over the past 30 years. The potential for recurrence and consequent need for routine long-term follow-up are important considerations in the management of these lesions. We report a case of a 23-year-old female with a recurrent bAVM discovered incidentally on routine imaging three years after complete surgical excision. We review the existing literature and discuss the options for surveillance and management.

Intestinal polypoid arteriovenous malformation in a 5‐year‐old boy with recurrent anemia

“…Polypoid AVM recurred after ileal resection, despite the accurate identification of resected lesion using tattoo marking, clipping, and repeat CE. Recurrence after resection has also been reported in cerebral AVMs, suggesting that postoperative hemodynamic changes may reveal residual lesions 5 . Polypoid AVM in the muscularis externa or serosa not observed during the first surgery, in this case, might have occurred due to postoperative changes in blood flow.…”

“…Recurrence after resection has also been reported in cerebral AVMs, suggesting that postoperative hemodynamic changes may reveal residual lesions. 5 Polypoid AVM in the muscularis externa or serosa not observed during the first surgery, in this case, might have occurred due to postoperative changes in blood flow. When relapse of anemia occurs after surgery, re-evaluation of OGIB or hemoperitoneum is essential, and CE would be helpful in screening and identifying the recurrence of polypoid AVM.…”

Application of the pressure cooker technique for transarterial embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations: Factors affecting obliteration and outcomes

“…Further resolution would promote the recanalization of the residual shunt. Secondly, “hidden compartments,” i.e., unfilled bAVM regions surround the active nidus due to low or no flow from internal steal developing from hemodynamic alterations after embolization ( 27 ).…”