Cerebral anoxia and disability

Peskine, Anne; Picq, C.; Pradat‐Diehl, Pascale

doi:10.1080/02699050410001719899

Cited by 40 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…10 A more recent study found that in most cases memor y deficits were associated with other cognitive changes, and that memory loss in a number of patients follows a pattern usually considered as part of a frontal dysfunction. 2 This has previously been proposed by Volpe and colleagues, who suggested that alterations in the fronto-subcortical circuits may be responsible for the memory impairment. [13][14][15] In addition to memory impairment, other studies have described widespread neuropsychological deficits involving executive function, 10 motor function, 2 visual defects, 3 visuospatial integration, 6 behaviour and emotion, 7 attention, 6 affective regulation, 1 insight, 9 language, 7 recognition and learning.…”

Section: Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…7 Another study by Peskine et al supports this theory and suggests that the different types of anoxia may produce different cerebral pathologies. 2 …”

Section: Types Of Cerebral Anoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most significant effect on cortical cells is the release of excitator y neuro transmitters, which leads to cellular oedema and cell damage. 2,10 Several studies suggest that the anoxia affects different parts of the brain at different rates. Areas of the brain that have an especially high metabolic activity, a high neuronal density or require a large perfusion may be par ticularly susceptible to damage.…”

Section: Neurological Effects Of Cerebral Anoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Anoxic anoxia is associated with lack of oxygen in the lungs and can occur during episodes of near drowning, strangulation or anaesthetic accidents. Other types include anaemic anoxia and toxic anoxia, which involve a reduced haemoglobin concentration and a build up of toxic metabolites in the blood respectively.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The clinical manifestations of anoxic brain injury

Wolstenholme¹,

Moore²

2010

Prog Neurol Psychiatry

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CCerebral anoxia is typically associated with gross deterioration in brain function following disruption to, or cessation of, the brain's vascular supply. 1 There are several classifications of anoxia, which are dependent upon the nature of the anoxic event.Ischaemic anoxia occurs when there is an interruption to the brain's vascular supply, for example during a cardiac arrest. 2 Anoxic anoxia is associated with lack of oxygen in the lungs and can occur during episodes of near drowning, strangulation or anaesthetic accidents. Other types include anaemic anoxia and toxic anoxia, which involve a reduced haemoglobin concentration and a build up of toxic metabolites in the blood respectively. 3 The survival rate for ischaemic anoxia is increasing due to improved emergency care, with greater numbers of people undergoing cardiac rehabilitation with defibrillation and medication. 4 In comparison with focal brain lesions, much less is understood about the diffuse damage that occurs in cerebral anoxia, and the neurobehavioural and cognitive sequelae. Such an event is catastrophic and often fatal, as the insult occurs to both hemispheres simultaneously, thereby preventing compensation by the contralateral hemisphere. 5 Types of cerebral anoxiaThere have been relatively few studies focusing on the clinical presentations of sur vivors of anoxic brain injury. Studies investigating this condition show variable outcomes, even when the cause and severity are comparable. 6 Before exploring the specific manifestations of a typical anoxic brain injury patient, it is important to consider if it is relevant to distinguish between the different types of anoxia.A number of studies have taken place investigating dif ferent types of anoxia and their ef fects. Earlier studies suggested that the neurological signs depend more on the severity and timing of the incident, rather than the aetiology. However, a study by Garcia-Molina et al. found the type of anoxia to be important in relation to clinical manifestations. 7 It repor ted that sur vivors of anoxic anoxia performed significantly better in neuropsychological tests than the ischaemic anoxia group of patients. This is thought to be due to a certain level of compensation that is possible in anoxic anoxia, as nutrients such as glucose are still able to reach the cells. In ischaemic anoxia, however, such compensation is not possible as there is complete cessation of nutrient and oxygen supply. 7 Another study by Peskine et al. supports this theory and suggests that the different types of anoxia may produce different cerebral pathologies. 2 Neurological effects of cerebral anoxiaCerebral anoxia is known to cause diffuse brain damage. 8 Even with only several minutes of oxygen cessation there can be significant neurological and neuropsychological changes. 9 The mechanism by which cerebral anoxia causes lesions is still partially unknown but is thought to involve a complex cascade of time-dependent alterations in neuronal function, metabolism and morphology. The most significant effect on c...

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Section: Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…7 Another study by Peskine et al supports this theory and suggests that the different types of anoxia may produce different cerebral pathologies. 2 …”

Section: Types Of Cerebral Anoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neurological Effects Of Cerebral Anoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The clinical manifestations of anoxic brain injury

Wolstenholme¹,

Moore²

2010

Prog Neurol Psychiatry

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“…Two participants (5%) had a diagnosis of anoxic brain injury; a consequence of areas of the brain being deprived of oxygen (Peskine, Picq & Pradat-Diehl, 2004).…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiety related to discharge from inpatient neurorehabilitation: Exploring the role of self-efficacy and internal health control beliefs

Genis

Camic

Harvey

2015

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation

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The study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety, related to discharge, among a group of 42 participants who were likely to have sustained an at least moderate-severe ABI and who were due to be discharged home following a period of inpatient neurorehabilitation. Differential relationships between psychological factors (self-efficacy and internal health control beliefs) were examined, alongside the relative influence of demographic and clinical characteristics on discharge-anxiety.Data were obtained via self-report measures and retrospective reviews of participant's inpatient, medical records. While relatively few participants (n = 6; 14%) reported markedly elevated trait-anxiety, almost half the sample (n = 19; 45%) reported clinically significant levels of transient, state-anxiety. Notably, state-anxiety was strongly associated with discharge-anxiety. Multivariate analyses revealed that age, self-efficacy and internal health control beliefs made independent contributions to self-reported discharge-anxiety, with perceived self-efficacy alone explaining 69% of the variance and mediating the effects of age and internal health control beliefs.None of the other demographic or clinical characteristics examined were significantly associated with discharge-anxiety. While causality cannot be inferred, findings suggest that anxiety related to discharge from rehabilitation might be best predicted by poor perceptions of self-efficacy. Implications for clinical practice and future research are discussed.

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References

2017

Managing Networks in Project‐Based Organisations

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Cerebral anoxia and disability

Abstract: Neurological and neuropsychological impairment after cerebral anoxia may be severe but seems difficult to predict. A dysexecutive syndrome was noted in all 12 patients.

Cited by 40 publications

References 11 publications

The clinical manifestations of anoxic brain injury

The clinical manifestations of anoxic brain injury

Anxiety related to discharge from inpatient neurorehabilitation: Exploring the role of self-efficacy and internal health control beliefs

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