Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Enhances Motor Learning in a Complex Overhand Throwing Task

Jackson, Austuny K.; Albuquerque, Lidio Lima de; Pantović, Milan; Fischer, Katherine M.; Guadagnoli, Mark A.; Riley, Zachary A.; Poston, Brach

doi:10.1007/s12311-019-01040-6

Cited by 31 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In particular, it should be mentioned that these studies that show such effects used protocols of anodal CB-tDCS in accordance with our results [30,[55][56][57]. Another adaptation relating to coordination that could be induced by CB-tDCS is an optimized antagonist contraction behavior.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Improves Maximum Isometric Force Production during Isometric Barbell Squats

Kenville

Maudrich

et al. 2020

Brain Sciences

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Maximum voluntary contraction force (MVC) is an important predictor of athletic performance as well as physical fitness throughout life. Many everyday life activities involve multi-joint or whole-body movements that are determined in part through optimized muscle strength. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been reported to enhance muscle strength parameters in single-joint movements after its application to motor cortical areas, although tDCS effects on maximum isometric voluntary contraction force (MIVC) in compound movements remain to be investigated. Here, we tested whether anodal tDCS and/or sham stimulation over primary motor cortex (M1) and cerebellum (CB) improves MIVC during isometric barbell squats (iBS). Our results provide novel evidence that CB stimulation enhances MIVC during iBS. Although this indicates that parameters relating to muscle strength can be modulated through anodal tDCS of the cerebellum, our results serve as an initial reference point and need to be extended. Therefore, further studies are necessary to expand knowledge in this area of research through the inclusion of different tDCS paradigms, for example investigating dynamic barbell squats, as well as testing other whole-body movements.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In this sense optimized coordination between muscles involved in force transmission during iBS is conceivable. Several studies show such adjustments as a result of CB-tDCS, e.g., during locomotor adaptation tasks [30] and complex overhand throwing tasks [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Improves Maximum Isometric Force Production during Isometric Barbell Squats

Kenville

Maudrich

et al. 2020

Brain Sciences

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“…This provides a theoretical basis for the investigation of c-tDCS as a potential intervention in the disease [ 19 , 20 ]. Furthermore, several other specific research findings support this rationale: (1) c-tDCS improves motor performance in young [ 16 , 18 ] and older healthy adults [ 17 ] and M1-tDCS improves performance in these populations [ 10 , 21 ] and in PD [ 11 ]; (2) increased cerebellar activity compensates for basal ganglia dysfunction in PD and cerebellar stimulation may enhance this process [ 20 ]; (3) tDCS exerts remote effects on connected brain regions not stimulated directly and formerly unidentified reciprocal pathways have been found between the cerebellum and basal ganglia [ 22 ]; and (4) tDCS efficacy scales with age [ 21 ] and the level of impairment in motor disorders [ 23 ], which is relevant because the majority of individuals with PD are over the age of 60. Despite these observations, no studies have examined the effects of c-tDCS on fine motor performance of the hand and arm in PD, although a study by Workman and colleagues found that c-tDCS could improve balance in PD [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Furthermore, tDCS has several practical advantages that make it compatible with other therapies such as portability, safety, ease of administration, ability to be delivered during motor activities, and low cost [ 13 ]. Although the vast majority of studies in healthy adults and PD have utilized M1-tDCS, increasing evidence suggests that tDCS delivered to the cerebellum (c-tDCS) can also significantly improve motor performance [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. However, all of these studies have been conducted in young and old adults, even though the cerebellum is now recognized to play a significant role in the pathology of PD [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Acute Application of Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Does Not Improve Motor Performance in Parkinson’s Disease

et al. 2020

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Transcranial direct current stimulation of the cerebellum (c-tDCS) improves motor performance in young and old adults. Based on the cerebellar involvement in Parkinson’s disease (PD), c-tDCS could have potential to improve motor function in PD. The purpose was to determine the effects of c-tDCS on motor performance in PD while participants were on medications. The study was a randomized, double-blind, SHAM-controlled, between-subjects design. Twenty-two participants with PD were allocated to either a c-tDCS group or a SHAM group. All participants completed one experimental session and performed two motor tasks with their most affected hand in a Baseline condition (no stimulation) and an Experimental condition. The motor tasks were a visuomotor isometric precision grip task (PGT) and a rapid arm movement task (AMT). The primary dependent variables were force error and endpoint error in the PGT and AMT, respectively. There were no significant differences in force error or endpoint error in the Experimental condition between the c-tDCS and SHAM groups. These results indicate that an acute application of c-tDCS does not enhance motor performance in hand and arm tasks in PD. Longer-term c-tDCS application over multiple days may be needed to enhance motor function in PD.

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“…For example, a single tDCS session has been shown to increase motor performance or skill learning (Nitsche et al, 2003b;Vollmann et al, 2013;Ammann et al, 2016;Kaminski et al, 2016;Jackson et al, 2019;Kumari et al, 2019). tDCS-induced performance enhancement has not only been described for simple motor tasks such as tapping (Saimpont et al, 2016) and reaction time tasks (Nitsche et al, 2003b;Drummond et al, 2017;Hupfeld et al, 2017), but also for complex whole-body tasks such as balancing (Dutta et al, 2014;Kaminski et al, 2016).…”

Section: Performance Enhancement Using Non-invasive Brain Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurodiagnostics in Sports: Investigating the Athlete’s Brain to Augment Performance and Sport-Specific Skills

Seidel-Marzi

Ragert

2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Enhancing performance levels of athletes during training and competition is a desired goal in sports. Quantifying training success is typically accompanied by performance diagnostics including the assessment of sports-relevant behavioral and physiological parameters. Even though optimal brain processing is a key factor for augmented motor performance and skill learning, neurodiagnostics is typically not implemented in performance diagnostics of athletes. We propose, that neurodiagnostics via non-invasive brain imaging techniques such as functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) will offer novel perspectives to quantify training-induced neuroplasticity and its relation to motor behavior. A better understanding of such a brain-behavior relationship during the execution of sport-specific movements might help to guide training processes and to optimize training outcomes. Furthermore, targeted non-invasive brain stimulation such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) might help to further enhance training outcomes by modulating brain areas that show training-induced neuroplasticity. However, we strongly suggest that ethical aspects in the use of non-invasive brain stimulation during training and/or competition need to be addressed before neuromodulation can be considered as a performance enhancer in sports.

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Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Enhances Motor Learning in a Complex Overhand Throwing Task

Cited by 31 publications

References 15 publications

Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Improves Maximum Isometric Force Production during Isometric Barbell Squats

Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Improves Maximum Isometric Force Production during Isometric Barbell Squats

An Acute Application of Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Does Not Improve Motor Performance in Parkinson’s Disease

Neurodiagnostics in Sports: Investigating the Athlete’s Brain to Augment Performance and Sport-Specific Skills

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